Lecture 6 - Antigens & MHC Flashcards
what are antigens
a foreign substance that will bind to MHC receptors
What are MHC
a set of genetic loci that helps immune cells differentiate foreign from self
What limits the innate immune system’s efficacy
Limited specificity, less potent, lacks memory
What cells express PRRs
innate immune cells
How is the adaptive immune system specific
employs antigen-specific lymphocytes (B and T)
How is the adaptive immune system systemic
targeted and reaches all parts of the body versus local responses
How does the adaptive immune system have memory
once exposed to an antigen, the animal will make a stronger and more immediate response to it via antibodies and memory cells
Epitope
site on an antigen recognized by specific receptors
Immunogens
antigens that induce an immune response after binding
T/F: ALL immunogens are antigens but NOT ALL antigens are immungoens
True
What makes an antigen “good”
the ability for it to be recognized by the immune cells
Whata are the characteristics of a “good” antigen
Large, complex, moderate degradability, foreign
What are microbial agents
bacterial or viral antigens
What are non-microbial agents
cell-surface, food-derived, inhaled, injected, etc.
what are autoantigens
a trigger that is self (autoimmune)
What are haptens
small, non-immunogenic proteins/molecules used to stimulate an immune response after binding to carrier proteins
What is an Antigen Presenting Cell
immune cell which presents antigens on their cell surface for the activation of T cells
What cell is the bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems
dendritic cells