Lecture 51 - Transmission

Question 1

infectivity

Answer 1

likelihood that an agent will cause infection

Question 2

pathogenicity

Answer 2

ability of an agent to cause clinical disease

Question 3

virulence

Answer 3

severity of illness the agent causes in the host

Question 4

Host determinants of disease

Answer 4

1. susceptibility
2. immune response

Question 5

Colonization

Answer 5

pathogen exists on/enters host but has not invaded tissue to cause infection

Question 6

Infection

Answer 6

pathogen enters tissue of susceptible host

Question 7

Carrier

Answer 7

host can transmit infection even if experiencing no symptoms

Question 8

what are the transmission routes of disease-causing agents?

Answer 8

1. aerosol
2. oral
3. fomite (inanimate objects)
4. direct contact
5. reproductively passed
6. vector-borne

Question 9

What factors influence transmission through a population?

Answer 9

1. rate that infected hosts become infectious
2. duration of infectiveness

Question 10

Case fatality ratio

Answer 10

CFR = (# of deaths / # of confirmed cases) * 100

Question 11

disease-specific mortality rate

Answer 11

deaths from disease / (# of individuals in the population * time)