Lecture 31 - Bacterial Classification Flashcards
what are the morphological categories of bacteria
- cocci
- bacilli (rods)
- budding/appendaged
- other
pathogenicity
potential for bacteria to cause disease
how is morphology measured
microscopy (flow cytometry) at low resolution
how is pathogenicity measured
patient symptoms
heterotrophs
grow on organic compounds
aerobes
require oxygen; respiration
anaerobes
don’t need oxygen; fermentation or incomplete respiration
phototrophs
energy from light
autotrophs
inorganic compounds w/o light
how are bacterial metabolisms measured
culture at low/moderate resolution
describe the cell structure (outermost to innermost)
capsule - pilus or flagella
cell wall
plasma membrane
cytoplasm - ribosomes and nucleoid
how is cell structure measured
microscopy (+ staining), motility tests, protein content
what is the Linnaean taxonomy
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
T/F: genus-species naming is used in clinical settings as it provides the best description of bacteria
TRUE
T/F: subspecies definitions are standardized
FALSE
what are the takeaways from the history of bacterial taxonomy
- continuously changing field
- product of history, methodology, and concepts
- genomics and phylogeny will shape future
selective culture
media that allows for the growth of bacteria w specific metabolic traits, can test AMR
Protein content
mass spectrometry results compared to reference database
fast and inexpensive after colonies obtained
resolution limited
Targeting genes
PCR
Whole genome sequencing
the complete genome of bacterial isolates, as long as the culture was successful
maximum resolution
What diagnostic would be used to answer the question:
Is the infection caused by pathogen A or pathogen B?
selective culture
What diagnostic would be used to answer the question:
Is this outbreak connected to that previous outbreak?
whole genome sequencing
