Lecture 17 - Avian/Reptile Immunology Flashcards
What are some non-immunological differences between avians and mammals
- no diaphragm
- nucleated RBCs
- choanal slit in palate
What are the primary lymph organs
bursa - B cells
thymus - T cells
What are the secondary lymph organs
spleen, GALT, BALT, harderian
what two immune organs allow for vaccination in eye drops for chickens
conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue
harderian gland
What enzymes are absent in heterophils
myeloperoxidase
catalase
What do heterophils rely on for pathogen breakdown
oxygen-independent mechanisms
Where are dendritic cells found in the chicken
bursa, thymus, splenic follicles
What PRR is absent in chickens/turkeys
Rig-1-like receptor
What is the equivalent of TLR9 in humans for birds
TLR 15
What is the B complex
MHC complexes in birds
Give the molecules and location of:
MHCI
B-F; all cells
Give the molecules and location of:
MHCII
B-L; APCs
Give the molecules and location of:
MHC IV
B-G; RBCs
T/F: the chicken MHC has a strong association with disease resistance and susceptibility
True
How many class 1 molecules are present in the chicken? how many are present in humans?
2; 6
What disease is the best example for illustrating the link between B complexes and susceptibility
Marek’s disease
What is the site of B cell education and programming
bursa of Fabricius
What immunoglobulin is predominant in primary response
IgM
What immunoglobulin is predominant in secondary response
IgG/IgY
What immunoglobulin is predominant in body fluids
IgA
Where do neonates receive each immunoglobulin in passive immunity
IgG/IgY - yolk sac
IgA/IgM - oviduct secretions (amniotic)
What does IEL standard for
Intra-epithelial lymphocytes
Where is IEL found
between the cells of the intestinal lining
What important structure is absent in reptiles
germinal centers
T/F: The structure of the reptilian thymus and spleen are the same at all times
False - seasonal variation affects leukocyte distribution
What are ILF and what do they function as in reptiles
Isolated lymphoid follicle-like
act as lymphoid structures for B/T cells
What two immunoglobulin isotypes are present in reptiles
IgM and IgY
