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Anatomy Quarter 2- 2023 > Lecture 25: Face, Parotid Region, and Guttural Pouch > Flashcards

Lecture 25: Face, Parotid Region, and Guttural Pouch Flashcards

1
Q

what cranial nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression

A

CN VII-facial

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2
Q

what are the muscles of facial expression

A

platysma
sphincter colli superficialis
orbivularis oris
levator nasolabialis
orbicularis oculi
levator labii superiosis
caninus
buccinator
parotidoauricularis

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3
Q

what does the orbicularis oris do

A

purses lips, closes the mouth

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4
Q

what does the levator nasolabialis do

A

dilate nostrils, elevate and retract rostral portion of upper lip

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5
Q

what does orbicularis oculi do

A

closes the eyes

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6
Q

what does the levator labii superisos do

A

elevates middle of upper lip

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7
Q

what does caninus do

A

dilates nostrils, elevates corner of mouth, snarls

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8
Q

what does buccinator do

A

works with tongue to keep food on teeth

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9
Q

parotidoauricularis

A

often damaged during surgeries draining the external ear

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10
Q

where does the parotid gland drain

A

single long parotid duct that crosses masseter superficially

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11
Q

where does the portion of the facial nerve that innervates muscles of facial expression emerge from

A

stylomastoid foramen

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12
Q

what branch of the facial nerve crosses the zygomatic arch to reach rostral muscles of the eye and muscles that close the eyelid

A

auriculoplapebral nerve

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13
Q

what nerve is often blocked for ophthalmic exams

A

auriculopalpebral nerve

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14
Q

what branch of the facial nerve innervates the cheeks, lips, and nostrils

A

dorsal and ventral buccal branches

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15
Q

where do both buccal nerve branches cross

A

masseter

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16
Q

what vessels supply blood to the face

A

external carotid artery and its two branches–> superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery

17
Q

what branch of the external carotid artery passes distal to the lingual then courses deep to mandible and primarily supplies blood to cheeks and lips

A

facial artery

18
Q

what two arteries branch off maxillary

A

infraorbital and mental

19
Q

what artery branches off superficial temporal

A

transverse facial

20
Q

what artery crosses superficial surface of masseter just ventral to zygomatic arch

A

transverse facial artery

21
Q

what veins serve as potential infection pathways to surface of cranial cavity

A

deep facial, buccal and ophthalmic veins

22
Q

what veins help regulate blood temperature in the brain, help with blood flow away from head in grazers

A

deep facial, buccal, and ophthalmic

23
Q

what vein is formed by union of facial and lingual veins just caudal to the mandible

A

linguofacial vein

24
Q

what vein is the primary draining for many deeper head and neck regions

A

maxillary vein

25
Q

sensory innervation of the face is shared by ___

A

three divisions of trigeminal nerve

25
Q

what trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to orbit, forehead, and some parts of dorsal nose

A

V1- ophthalmic

26
Q

what branch of the ophthalmic nerve supply the upper eyelid and caudodorsal nose

A

frontal nerve

26
Q

what trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to mandible and chin, lower cheek, temporal region and ear

A

V3- mandibular

26
Q

what trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to nose, upper cheek, lateral head cranial to the ear

A

V2-maxillary

27
Q

what branch of the ophthalmic nerve supplies small area of nose medial to orbit

A

infratrochlear nerve

28
Q

what branch of the maxillary nerve emerges from the infraorbital foramen to supply the skin of the nose, upper lip, lower eyelid, and upper cheek

A

infraorbital

29
Q

what branch of the maxillary nerve passes through the lateral orbit to supply the skin of the lateral face cranial to the ear

A

zygomatic nerve

30
Q

what is the primary sensory nerve in the horns of cattle

A

zygomatic nerve- branch of maxillary CN V2

31
Q

what is the guttoral pouch

A

section of mucosa in the horse that lines the auditory tubes and bulges laterally

32
Q

what important structures does the guttural pouch come into contact with

A

stylohyoid
external carotid artery
glossopharyngeal
vagosympathetic trunk
hypoglossal nerve

33
Q

why is blocked drainage of the guttural pouch problematic

A

damage to associated structures can lead to a variety of complications

34
Q

what could result from a fracture of the stylohyoid

A

difficulty moving tongue

35
Q

what could result from lesions of the vagus or glossopharyngeal nerves

A

difficulty swallowing and laryngeal hemiplegia

36
Q

what could result from lesions to sympathetic chain

A

Horner’s syndrome

Anatomy Quarter 2- 2023 (39 decks)

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