Lecture 23: Key topics in microanatomy of head and neck

Question 1

2 tissues that make up glands

Answer 1

parenchyma- epithelial cells
stroma- CT

Question 2

endocrine gland

Answer 2

secretes hormones into the blood or lymphatics

Question 3

exocrine gland

Answer 3

secretes into ducts

Question 4

saliva

Answer 4

combination of mucous and serous products of salivary glands, dissolves water soluble food, essential for deliver to taste buds and lubricates upper digestive tract

Question 5

major salivary glands

Answer 5

parotid, mandibular, sublingual

Question 6

what cranial nerve innervates the parotid gland

Answer 6

CN IX glossopharyngeal

Question 7

what cranial nerve innervates the mandibular nerve

Answer 7

CN VII facial

Question 8

what are the extramural glands of digestion

Answer 8

salivary, pancreas and liver

Question 9

how do extramural glands protect the body

Answer 9

secreting antibacterial agents, lysozyme, lactoferrin and IgA

Question 10

what are the major salivary glands

Answer 10

parotid, mandibular, and sublingual

Question 11

what kind of fluid does the parotid gland contain

Answer 11

serous

Question 12

what kind of fluid does the mandibular and sublingual contain

Answer 12

mixed serous and mucous

Question 13

what are mucous acini associated with

Answer 13

serous demilunes

Question 14

what are serous demilunes

Answer 14

release proteins containing lysozyme enzyme-> degrades bacterial cell walls

Question 15

where do the visceral motor axons to the parotid gland synapse

Answer 15

otic

Question 16

where do the visceral motor axons synapse traveling to submandibular and sublingual glands

Answer 16

submandibular and lingual ganglia

Question 17

what cell type makes up the palate

Answer 17

stratified squamous with prominent lamina propria

Question 18

where do the visceral motor axons synapse that are traveling to lacrimal gland

Answer 18

pterygopalatine

Question 19

what does the thyroid gland release and regulate

Answer 19

releases hormones that regulate metabolism

Question 20

what gland is important in regulating HR, body temperature, and muscle function

Answer 20

thyroid gland

Question 21

is the thyroid gland an endocrine or exocrine gland

Answer 21

endocrine

Question 22

what is the gland parenchyma of thyroid gland made of

Answer 22

colloid filled follicles

Question 23

what is colloid composed of

Answer 23

thyroglobulin- temporary storage of main thyroid hormones

Question 24

what cell type are follicular cells in thyroid

Answer 24

simple columnar

Question 25

what are C cells

Answer 25

parafollicular cells derived from neural crest that release calcitonin

Question 26

what cells produce parathyroid hormones, regulate blood calcium levels and are important for nerve and muscle function

Answer 26

chief cells

Question 27

what oxyphils

Answer 27

nonsecretory cells that increase across lifespan