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NAPLEX > ID: Bacterial Infection > Flashcards

ID: Bacterial Infection Flashcards

1
Q

2 organisms that live on the surface of the skin

A

staphylococci

streptococci

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2
Q

perioperative skin infection treatment (2)

A

cefzolin

cefuroxime

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3
Q

Organism concern for colorectal surgery (3)

A

skin flora
Gram -
anaerobic organisms

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4
Q

prophylactic options for colorectal surgery (5)

A 
cefotetan 
cefoxitin 
unasyn
ertapenem
metronidazole + cefazolin or ceftriaxone
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5
Q

prophylactic options for cardiac or vascular surgery (2)

A

Cefazolin

Cefuroxime

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6
Q

prophylaxic optons for hip fracture/total joint replacement (1)

A

cefazolin

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7
Q

define meningitis and common symptoms

A

inflammation of mininges (membranes) that cover the brain and spinal cord. The meninges swell causing 3 classic symptoms: severe headache, nuchal rigidity ( stiff neck ) and altered mental status

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8
Q

3 common bacteria causing meningitis

A

Streptococcus pneumonia
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae

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9
Q

First line treatment for AOM (2)

A

Amoxicillin

Augmentin

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10
Q

What is the appropriate amoxicillin to clavulanate ratio

A

14:1

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11
Q

pharyngitis also known as

A

strep throat

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12
Q

main organism cause for pharyngitis

A

S. pyogenes

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13
Q

Treatment for pharyngitis

A

Penicillin

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

Define bronchitis

A

inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi

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15
Q

3 most common bacteria for CAP

A

S. pneumonia
H. influenzae
M pneumonia

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16
Q

CAP treatment (2)-outpatient

A

Macrolide

Doxycycline

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17
Q

CAP treatment (2)-Inpatient

A

Beta-lactam + macrolide or doxycycline
-ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ampicillin
Respiratory quinolone

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18
Q

common pathogens in HAP and VAP

A

Gram -

  • Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter
  • GNR: Enterobacter, E. coli, Klebsiella
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19
Q

Tuberculosis is caused by?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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20
Q

Latent TB treatment (3)

A

Isoniazid
Rifampin
INH and rifapentine

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21
Q

Active TB treatment

A 
"RIPE"
Rifampin
Isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
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22
Q

common side effect of rifampin

A

orange-red discoloration of body secretions

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23
Q

What to monitor for all RIPE drugs

A

inc. LFTs

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24
Q

how is infective endocarditis diagnosed

A

Modified Duke Criteria

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25
Q

3 most common organisms that cause IE

A

Staphylococci
stretococci
enterococci

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26
Q

What drug do you add for IE if there is a prosthetic valve

A

Gentamicin

27
Q

What drug do you add for IE if you suspect a biofilm

28
Q

Prophylaxis for IE prior to dental procedures

A

Amoxicillin

29
Q

Define primary peritonitis and what it is also known as

A

SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

infection of the peritoneal space that often occurs in patients with liver disease

30
Q

3 most common organisms for SBP

A

Streptococci
Enteric Gram - (proteus, E. coli, klebsiella, PEK)
anaerobes

31
Q

Treatment for SBP

A

ceftriaxone

32
Q

primary or secondary prophylaxis of SBP (2)

A

SMX/TMP

ciprofloxacin

33
Q

Define cholecystits

A

acute inflammation of the gallbladder due to an obstructive stone

34
Q

Define chlangitis

A

infection of the common bile duct and is generally managed with bile decompression and antimicrobial therapy

35
Q

Define a mild SSTI

A

systemic signs are absent

36
Q

Define a moderate SSTI

A

systemic signs present

-temp > 100.4, heart rate >90, WBC > 12,000, or < 4000

37
Q

Define a severe SSTI

A

failed incision and drainage (I&D), if purulent + oral antibiotics or signs of a deeper infection (fluid-filled blisters, skin sloughing, hypotension, or evidence of organ dysfunction ), or patient is immunocompromised

38
Q

Define impetigo

A

blister-like rash usually around the nose, mouth, hands, and arms. blisters produce a thick yellowish clear fluid that dries and forms honey-colored crusts

39
Q

Cause for impetigo

40
Q

treatment for impetigo (2)

A

mupirocin

cephalexin-if multiple lesions

41
Q

Difference b/w folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle

A

folliculitis: hair follicle infection
furuncle: infection in hair follicle and surrounding tissue
carbuncle: group of infected furuncles

42
Q

folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle which needs treatment

A

carbuncle: I&D

systemic signs: cephalexin

43
Q

Define cellulitis

A

non-purulent infection

44
Q

treatment for cellulitis

A

Cephalexin

45
Q

Define Abscess

A

purulent infection

46
Q

Treatment for abscess

A

single & no systemic signs: I&D

systemic: I&D, bactrim

47
Q

SSTIs due to stpah and strep

A

impetigo
folliculitis/furuncles/carbuncles
cellulitis
abscess

48
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis treatment

A

Vancomycin + beta-lactam

zosyn, imipenem/cilastin, meropenem

49
Q

Define pyuria

A

positive leukocyte esterase or > 10 WBC

50
Q

DOC for uncomplicated UTI

A

nitrofurantoin

51
Q

Treatment for uncomplicated upper UTI

A

ciprofloxacin

52
Q

Treatment for complicated UTI

A

carbapenem

53
Q

Travelers’ diarrhea treatment

A

azithromycin

54
Q

S/S of chlymydia

A

genital discharge or no symptoms

55
Q

S/S of gonorrhea

A

genital discharge or no symptoms

56
Q

S/S syphilis

A

painless, smooth genital sores (chancre)

57
Q

S/S of HPV

A

genital warts or no symptoms

58
Q

S/S of trichomoniasis

A

yellow/green frothy vaginal discharge; soreness, pain with intercourse

59
Q

DOC for syphilis

A

Penicillin g benzathine

60
Q

Gonorrhea treatment

A

ceftriaxone + azithromycin or doxycycline

61
Q

chlamydia treatment

A

azithromycin

62
Q

Bacterial vaginosis treatment

A

metronidazole PO or gel

63
Q

trichomoniasis treatment

A

metronidazole

64
Q

genital warts (HPV) treatment

A

Imiquimod cream

NAPLEX (65 decks)

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