ID: Antifungals & Antivirals

Question 1

Amphotericin B MOA

Answer 1

binds to ergosterol, altering cell membrane permeability and causing cell death

Question 2

major SE of amphotericin

Answer 2

nephrotoxicity

Question 3

Flucytosine MOA

Answer 3

penetrating fungal cells where itis converted to fluorouracil which competes with uracil, interfering with fungal RNA and protein synthesis

Question 4

Azole antifungals MOA

Answer 4

decrease ergosterol synthesis and cell membrane formation

Question 5

azole antifungals SE as a class (2)

Answer 5

inc. LFTs

QT prolongation

Question 6

which is the only azole that needs renal adjustments

Answer 6

fluconazole

Question 7

DOC for aspergillus

Answer 7

voriconazole

Question 8

Which 2 azoles penetrate the CNS

Answer 8

fluconazole

voriconazole

Question 9

Major drug interaction with azoles

Answer 9

they are CYP3A4 inhibitors

Question 10

major counseling point for ketoconazole PO and itraconzole

Answer 10

high pH with decrease absorption so separate from PPI and H2RAs and take with cola

Question 11

Echinocandins MOA

Answer 11

inhibit synthesis of beta (1,3)-D-glucan, an essential coponent of the fungal cell wall

Question 12

Echinocandins effective against

Answer 12

most candida species

Question 13

Echinocandins only available as?

Answer 13

injections

Question 14

GRiseofulvin indications

Answer 14

dermatomycosis and tinea infections of skin, hair, and nails

Question 15

Terbinafine MOA

Answer 15

inhibits squalene epoxidase a key enzym ein fungi sterol biosynthesis, resulting in a deficiency jof ergosterol and buildup of squalene within the cell wall, leading to cell death

Question 16

Treatment for candida albicans oropharyngeal infection (thrush) (2)

Answer 16

clotrimazole

nystatin

Question 17

Treatment for candida albicans esophageal infection (2)

Answer 17

Fluconazole

echinocandin

Question 18

Treatment for candida glabrata or krusei

Answer 18

Echinocandins

Question 19

Treatment for aspergillus

Answer 19

voriconazole

Question 20

treatment for cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 20

amphotericin B + flucytosine

Question 21

Treatment for dermatophytes

Answer 21

Nail bed infection: itraconazole, trebinafine, fluconazole

Question 22

Neuramindase inhibitors (2)

Answer 22

oseltamivir

zanamivir

Question 23

HSV-1 is commonly associated with

Answer 23

oropharyngeal disease

Question 24

HSV-2 is commonly associated with

Answer 24

genital disease

Question 25

Antivirals for HSV and VZV (3)

Answer 25

Acyclovir
valacyclovir
famciclovir

Question 26

Treatment for cold sores (herpes simplex labialis) (2)

Answer 26

docosanol (abreva)

acyclovir

Question 27

DOC for CMV

Answer 27

Ganciclovir

Valganciclovir