HIV

Question 1

At what CD4+ T cell count level makes someone more susceptible to opportunistic infections

Answer 1

200

Question 2

normal CD4+ count

Answer 2

800-1200

Question 3

What is the recommended treatment for HIV

Answer 3

INSTI with 2 NRTIs

Question 4

what test needs done prior to using abacavir

Answer 4

HLA-B*5701

-if positive do not use abacavir

Question 5

Caution for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

Answer 5

renal insufficiency

Question 6

CI for triumeq

Answer 6

do not start if CrCL < 50

Question 7

CI for Biktarvy

Answer 7

do not start if CrCl < 30

Question 8

What does INSTI stand for

Answer 8

integrase strand transfer inhibitors

Question 9

NRTIs MOA

Answer 9

competitively bind to the enzyme reverse transcriptase, blocking HIV viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. This results in DNA chain termination and stops further viral DNA synthesis

Question 10

Warning for all NRTIs (2)

and which 3 are affected most

Answer 10

lactic acidosis and hepatomegaly with steatosis

zidovudine, stavudine, didanosine

Question 11

Tenofovir toxicities (3)

Answer 11

nephrotoxicity
osteoporosis
Fanconi syndrome

Question 12

List NRTIs (5)

Answer 12

abacavir
lamivudine
emtricitabine
tenofovir
Zidovudin

Question 13

NNRtIs MOA

Answer 13

non-competitive binding to reverse transcriptase and blocking the RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities including HIV replication

Question 14

List NNRTIs (2)

Answer 14

Efavirenz

Rilpivirine

Question 15

Protease inhibitors MOA

Answer 15

inhibiting HIV protease and rendering the enzyme incapable of cleaving the Gag-Pol polyprotein, resulting in non-functional viral proteins and preventing teh assembly and maturation of HIV virions

Question 16

generic names of PIs end in

Answer 16

-navir

Question 17

List PIs (2)

Answer 17

Darunavir

Atazanavir

Question 18

What is a PI commonly taken with?

Answer 18

PK booster

ritonavir or cobicistat to increase the levels of the PI

Question 19

Main drug interactions for PIs

Answer 19

All Pis are CYP3A4 substrates and most are strong inhibitors of CYP3A4

Question 20

pharmacokinetic boosters

Answer 20

ritonavir

cobicistat

Question 21

Integrase strand transer inhibitors MOA

Answer 21

block teh integrase enzyme needed for viral DNA to integrate with the host cell DNA/human genome

Question 22

generic name for INSTIs end with?

Answer 22

-tegravir

Question 23

list INSTIs (4)

Answer 23

Elvitegravir
Bictegravir
dolutegravir
Raltegravir

Question 24

Common SE for INSTIs

Answer 24

increased CPK

Question 25

CCR5 antagonist MOA

Answer 25

inhibit binding to the CCR5 co-receptor on teh CD4+ cells and prevents HIV from entering the cell

Question 26

List CCR5 antagonist

Answer 26

Maraviroc

Question 27

Fusion inhibitors MOA

Answer 27

block the fusion of the HIV virus with the CD4+ cells by blocking the conformational change in gp41 required for membrane fusion and entry into CD4+ cells

Question 28

List fusion inhibitors

Answer 28

enfuvirtide

Question 29

common complication of ART (3)

Answer 29

lipodystrophy: changes in fat distribution
immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)
-worsening of preexisting OI or malignancy when ART is initiated
Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis

Question 30

Indication for megestrol in HIV

Answer 30

anorexia or cachexia associated with AIDS (increases appetite)

Question 31

Indication for dronabinol in HIV

Answer 31

AIDS-related anorexia

Question 32

pre-exposure prophylaxis

Answer 32

emtricitabine/tenofovir

Question 33

Ziagen generic

Answer 33

abacavir

Question 34

Epivir generic

Answer 34

lamivudine

Question 35

Viread generic

Answer 35

tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

Question 36

Retrovir generic

Answer 36

zidovudine

Question 37

Sustiva generic

Answer 37

efavirenz

Question 38

Prezista generic

Answer 38

darunavir

Question 39

Reyataz generic

Answer 39

atazanavir

Question 40

Tivicay generic

Answer 40

dolutegravir

Question 41

Isentress generic

Answer 41

raltegravir