FN: Diet and Good Health

Question 1

Name the 7 main reasons why people become vegetarian

Answer 1

1) Ethical Beliefs
2) Religious Beliefs
3) Medical Reasons
4) Cost
5) Influenced
6) Dislike the taste/texture
7) Environmental Concerns

Question 2

What are the 3 types of vegetarian and describe them

Answer 2

1) Ovo Lacto- eats eggs milk and cheese
2) Lacto- Eats milk products but not eggs
3) Vegans- Eat nothing that has anything to do with an animal

Question 3

What are the main nutrients that a vegetarian might lack

Answer 3

1) Iron
2) Selenium
3) Vitamin B12
4) Omega-3

Question 4

PAL - physical activity level

Answer 4

The number of energy the body uses to fuel physical activity

Question 5

DRV - Dietary reference values

Answer 5

Estimate of the nutritional requirements of a healthy population

Question 6

Ri - Reference intake

Answer 6

Benchmarks for the amount of energy and key nutrients that need to be taken on a daily basis

Question 7

BMR - Basic metabolic rate

Answer 7

Decreases with age due to reduction in muscle mass

Question 8

Nutritional needs for toddlers

Answer 8

• Small and frequent meals
• 300ml milk a day for calcium and retinol
• Eat a variety of foods for fussiness

Question 9

Nutritional needs for children

Answer 9

• Extra demand for energy
• Protein - growth and repair
• Carbs + fat - provide energy
• Calcium and vitamin d - Healthy teeth and bone development

Question 10

Nutritional needs for teenagers

Answer 10

• Protein - growth and repair
• Iron and vitamin C - Especially girls who lose iron during menstruation
• Calcium and VItamin D - important so the skeleton reaches peak size and bone density

Question 11

Nutritional needs for early/middle adulthood

Answer 11

• Iron for women due to menstruation
• Calcium and Vitamin D - reduce bone diseases (women can quickly lose bone strength after the menopause)
• Pregnant women should eat 200 more calories a day and consume more folic acid to reduce spina bifida

Question 12

Nutritional needs for the elderly

Answer 12

• Less energy needed
• Sense of smell and taste change so recipes should be adapted to make food more interesting
• Calcium and Vit D - Stop bones becoming weak and brittle, reducing the risk of developing bone disease
• Vitamin B12 - Keep brain healthy and reduce risk of memory loss
• Fibre - Prevent constipation as digestive track weakens
• Vitamin A - Maintain good eyesight