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GCSE > 5 LEAVES + PHOTOSYNTHESIS > Flashcards

5 LEAVES + PHOTOSYNTHESIS Flashcards

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1
Q

What part of the plant cell carries out photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

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2
Q

Photosynthesis word equation

A

Carbon Dioxide –> (sunlight)(chlorophyll) –> Glucose + Oxygen

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3
Q

Photosynthesis balanced symbol equation

A

6CO2 + 6H20 –>(chlorophyll)(sunlight)–> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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4
Q

What energy transfer takes place during photosynthesis

A

Light energy to chemical energy (in the form of ATP)

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5
Q

What is the limiting factor in photosynthesis

A

The factor with the shortest supply

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6
Q

How does increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide increase the rate of photosynthesis

A

There are more reacting molecules to collidw with enzymes

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7
Q

How does increasing light intensity incresae the rate of photosynthesis

A

There is more energy for the reaction to occur

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8
Q

Why do on photosyntesis graphs, do the factors level off

A

Another factor becomes limiting

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9
Q

Why do on photosyntesis graphs, do the factors level off

A

Another factor becomes limiting

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10
Q

How does increasing temperature increase the rate of photosynthesis

A
  • Rate of reaction is increased
  • Enzymes and substrates have more kinetic energy and collide more often
  • At too high temperatures, the enzymes denature and rate decreases
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11
Q

When investigating photosynthesis using iodine, why must you keep the leaf in the dark for 24 hours

A

So it is free from starch at the start of the experiment (any starch you test was produced by glucose made in photosynthesis during the experiment)

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12
Q

Top surface of leaf

A

Waxy cuticle

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13
Q

Below waxy cuticle of leaf

A

Upper epidermis

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14
Q

Below upper epidermis of leaf

A

Palisade mesophyll layer

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15
Q

Below palisade mesophyll layer of leaf

A

Spongy mesophyll layer with vasuclar bundle

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16
Q

Bottom of leaf

A

Lower epidermis with gaurd cells and stoma

17
Q

How are leafs adapted for photosynthesis

A
  • Large surface area and thin to maximise abosrption of sunlight and number of stomata
  • Upper epidermis is transparent allowing light to penetrate to mesophyll
  • Palisade cells are long, thin and tightly packed
  • Palisade cells contain lots of chloroplasts
  • Stomata allow gases to diffuse into air spaces of the leaf (short distance)
  • Xylem transports water into leaves (short distance)
18
Q

Plant’s use of nitrates

A

Make amino acids and DNA

19
Q

Plant’s use of nitrates

A

Make amino acids and DNA

20
Q

Plant’s use of magnesium ions

A

Make chlorophyll

21
Q

Symptoms if plant becomes deficent in nitrates

A

Stunted growth

22
Q

Symptoms if plant becomes deficent in nitrates

A

Stunted growth

23
Q

Symptoms is plants become deficent in magnesium ions

A

Yellow leaves

24
Q

How do carbon dioxide and oxygen enter and leaf the leaf

A

Through the stomata

25
Q

How are leaf’s specialised for gas exchange

A
  • Thin and large surface area so diffusion distance is short and there are more stomata
  • Stomata allow gas to diffuse in and out of air spaces of the leaf (short distance for mesophyll cells)
  • Gaurd cells by stomata can change shape, altering the size of the stomata
  • The stomata close to reduce water loss
26
Q

In terms of respiration and photosynthesis, what is happening when more carbon dioxide is being released by a leaf than oxygen

A

Respiration is occuring faster than photosynthesis

27
Q

In terms of respiration and photosynthesis, what is happening when more oxygen is being released by a leaf than carbon dioxide

A

Photosynthesis is occuring faster than repspiration

28
Q

When investigating photosynthesis using iodine, why must you keep the leaf in the dark for 24 hours

A

So it is free from starch at the state of the experiment (any starch you test was produced by glucose made in photosynthesis during the experiment)

GCSE (71 decks)

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