5 LEAVES + PHOTOSYNTHESIS Flashcards
What part of the plant cell carries out photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
Photosynthesis word equation
Carbon Dioxide –> (sunlight)(chlorophyll) –> Glucose + Oxygen
Photosynthesis balanced symbol equation
6CO2 + 6H20 –>(chlorophyll)(sunlight)–> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What energy transfer takes place during photosynthesis
Light energy to chemical energy (in the form of ATP)
What is the limiting factor in photosynthesis
The factor with the shortest supply
How does increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide increase the rate of photosynthesis
There are more reacting molecules to collidw with enzymes
How does increasing light intensity incresae the rate of photosynthesis
There is more energy for the reaction to occur
Why do on photosyntesis graphs, do the factors level off
Another factor becomes limiting
Why do on photosyntesis graphs, do the factors level off
Another factor becomes limiting
How does increasing temperature increase the rate of photosynthesis
- Rate of reaction is increased
- Enzymes and substrates have more kinetic energy and collide more often
- At too high temperatures, the enzymes denature and rate decreases
When investigating photosynthesis using iodine, why must you keep the leaf in the dark for 24 hours
So it is free from starch at the start of the experiment (any starch you test was produced by glucose made in photosynthesis during the experiment)
Top surface of leaf
Waxy cuticle
Below waxy cuticle of leaf
Upper epidermis
Below upper epidermis of leaf
Palisade mesophyll layer
Below palisade mesophyll layer of leaf
Spongy mesophyll layer with vasuclar bundle
Bottom of leaf
Lower epidermis with gaurd cells and stoma
How are leafs adapted for photosynthesis
- Large surface area and thin to maximise abosrption of sunlight and number of stomata
- Upper epidermis is transparent allowing light to penetrate to mesophyll
- Palisade cells are long, thin and tightly packed
- Palisade cells contain lots of chloroplasts
- Stomata allow gases to diffuse into air spaces of the leaf (short distance)
- Xylem transports water into leaves (short distance)
Plant’s use of nitrates
Make amino acids and DNA
Plant’s use of nitrates
Make amino acids and DNA
Plant’s use of magnesium ions
Make chlorophyll
Symptoms if plant becomes deficent in nitrates
Stunted growth
Symptoms if plant becomes deficent in nitrates
Stunted growth
Symptoms is plants become deficent in magnesium ions
Yellow leaves
How do carbon dioxide and oxygen enter and leaf the leaf
Through the stomata
How are leaf’s specialised for gas exchange
- Thin and large surface area so diffusion distance is short and there are more stomata
- Stomata allow gas to diffuse in and out of air spaces of the leaf (short distance for mesophyll cells)
- Gaurd cells by stomata can change shape, altering the size of the stomata
- The stomata close to reduce water loss
In terms of respiration and photosynthesis, what is happening when more carbon dioxide is being released by a leaf than oxygen
Respiration is occuring faster than photosynthesis
In terms of respiration and photosynthesis, what is happening when more oxygen is being released by a leaf than carbon dioxide
Photosynthesis is occuring faster than repspiration
When investigating photosynthesis using iodine, why must you keep the leaf in the dark for 24 hours
So it is free from starch at the state of the experiment (any starch you test was produced by glucose made in photosynthesis during the experiment)
