5.3 MAKING SALTS Flashcards

1
Q

What soluble salts are made by the insoluble base method

A

Those without Na, NH4, or K ions

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2
Q

What must the base reactant be when making a soluble salt with the insoluble base method

A

Insoluble

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3
Q

How to carry out the insoluble base method for making a soluble salt

A
  • Heat the acid - Hot acid has more kinetic energy, so reacts faster with the base
  • Add the base till no more will dissolve and stir - the base is in excess so we know all the acid has been used up
  • Filter out excess base
  • CRYSTALLISE
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4
Q

How to perform a crystallisation for a soluble salt

A
  • Heat solution until crustals start to form - solution becomes saturated
  • Allow solution to cool in evaporating basin - lowers solubility of salt
  • Filter out crystals - removes them from excess salt solution in basin
  • Dry crystals by dabbing with filter paper - removes last traces of water
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5
Q

When is the titration method used for making a soluble salt

A

When alkalis contain Na, K, or NH ions, as you wouldn’t be able to filter them out, like the insoluble base method

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6
Q

How to carry out the titration method for making a soluble salt

A
  • Perform a titration to measure the volumes of acid and alkali that neutralise each other (with an indicator)
  • Repreat without an indicator, and use the burette to add exactly the right amount for neutralisation
  • CRYSTALLISE
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7
Q

What is a precipitate

A

An insoluble solid that forms inside a solution

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8
Q

How is a precipitate formed

A

Mixing ions up, and seeing insoluble compounds form

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9
Q

What type of substance is used to make an insoluble salt

A

Mixing solutions

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10
Q

What are spectator ions

A

Ions that aren’t involved in making a percipitate and remain soluble in the solution

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11
Q

How to write an ionic equation

A

Just write the ions involving the precipitation

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12
Q

How to write an ionic equation

A

Just write the ions involving the precipitation

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13
Q

How to prepare an insoluble salt

A
  • Filter out salt precipitate
  • Rinse the salt with water, to wash off traces of leftover solution
  • Dry the salt by dabbing it with filter paper - removes the last traces of water
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