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GCSE > 1.3 TEMPLES > Flashcards

1.3 TEMPLES Flashcards

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1
Q

Jobs of Greek Hiereia/Hiereus

A
  • Temporary role
  • Oversee upkeep of the temple
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2
Q

Jobs of Greek Mantis

A
  • Read entrails of sacrificed animals
  • Blemishes/imperfections were a bad sign
  • Augur’s read the flight of birds
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3
Q

What was a hecatomb

A

Sacrifice of 100 oxen

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4
Q

What would participants do before a sacrifice

A
  • Wear best clothes
  • Gild the animal’s horns
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5
Q

What part of a sacrifice did the gods recieve

A

Thigh bones wrapped in fat

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6
Q

Dimensions of Pathenon

A

69.5 x 30.9 m

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7
Q

Northern metopes of Parthenon

A

Greeks vs Trojans

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8
Q

Southern metopes of Parthenon

A

Lapiths vs Centaurs

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9
Q

Eastern metopes of Parthenon

A

Gods vs Titans

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10
Q

Western metopes of Parthenon

A

Amazonians vs Greeks

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11
Q

What do all the metopes on the Parthenon represent

A

Civilisation over barbarism

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12
Q

What is the partenon made of

A

Pentallic marble

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13
Q

Ionic frieze of Parthenon

A

Great Panathania

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14
Q

Eastern pediment of Parthenon

A

Athena’s birth

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15
Q

Western pediment of Parthenon

A

Contest for Athens

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16
Q

What is the Parthenon made of

A

Pentallic marble - very expensive

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17
Q

How tall was the cult statue of Athena

A

13m

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18
Q

What was the cult statue of Athena made of

A

Gold and ivory

19
Q

Where was the Parthenon located

A

On top of the Acropolis - could be seen from a far

20
Q

Where was the Temple of Zeus located

A

Within the sanctuary of Olympia - isolated and far from cities

21
Q

Dimensions of Temple of Zeus

A

64.1 x 27.7 m

22
Q

What is the Temple of Zeus made from

A

Local limestone - cheap

23
Q

Eastern pediment of Temple of Zeus

A

Myth of Pelops

24
Q

Western pediment of Temple of Zeus

A

Centaruomachy

25
Q

How tall was the Cult statue of Zeus, and when was it added

A

13m, added after 8 years

26
Q

What was below the Cult Statue of Zeus

A

A pool of oil to maintain ivory and make it shine

27
Q

What was every Roman priest expected to maintain

A

Pax decorum - uttering the correct prayer

28
Q

What did all Roman priests do, that the Greeks didn’t

A

Veil their heads

29
Q

How many Pontifecs, and who led them

A

15, led by Pontifex Maximus (appointed by emperor)

30
Q

Role of Augurs

A

Read flight of birds

31
Q

How many vestal virgins

A

6

32
Q

Where did the Vestal virgins live

A

House of Vestals in the Roman forum

33
Q

Who selected the vestal virgins

A

Pontifex Maximus

34
Q

Criteria to become a Vestal Virgin

A
  • Between 6-10
  • 2 living parents
  • Take a 30 year vow of chastity
  • Buried alive is break the vow
35
Q

Jobs of Vestal virgins

A
  • Protect the sacred flame in Temple of Vesta - if it went out, Rome would fall and they would be whipped
  • Held wills
  • Make the mola salsa for sacrifices
36
Q

Privilages of Vestal Virgins

A
  • Own property
  • Make wills
  • Vote
  • Seats to games- sometimes only women (distraction for competing men)
37
Q

Role of Roman Haruspex

A
  • Read entrials of sacrificed animals
  • Used a model liver to check entrails
38
Q

Where is Temple of Portunus

A

In Rome, by a cattle market

39
Q

What is Temple of Portunus made of

A

Limestone and tufa

40
Q

Who is Pantheon dedicated to

A

Many gods

41
Q

Where is the Pantheon

A

In Campus Martius - were armies met, elections took place and politicians gave speeches

42
Q

What is unique about the Pantheon

A

Occulus at top, and rotunda at back

43
Q

What would’ve been in the cella/naos of the Pantheon

A

Multiple cult statues

44
Q

What is Portunus the god of

A

Harbours

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