1 CELLS, BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES, ENZYMES + KINGDOMS Flashcards
Role of nucleus
Controls activity of cell by making proteins, and contains chromosomes
Role of cell membrane
Controls what enters and leaves the cell (selectively permeable)
Role of cytoplasm
Chemical reactions occur
Role of mitochondria
Carried out aerobic respiration
Role of ribosomes
Synthesise proteins from amino acids
Role of chloroplasts
Carry out photosynthesis
Role of cell wall
Keeps cells fixed in shape (made of cellulose)
Role of vacuole
Watery sap that stores dissolved sugars, mineral ions and other substances
What organelles are in a plant cell
Cytoplasm, chloroplast, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, cell wall, cell membrane, vacuole
What organelles are in an animal cell
Cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm, nucleus
Chemical composition of carbohydrates
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Storage carbohydrate in plants
Starch
Storage carbohydrate in animals and fungi
Glycogen
Why are starch and glycogen better storage molecules than simple sugars
Less soluble, so have less effect on water movement in and out of the cells
Chemical composition of lipids
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Structure of a fat cell
Glycerol backbone with 3 fatty acids