3.1 INTRODUCTION + SEPARATING TECHNIQUES Flashcards
3 signs of a PHYSICAL change
- Creates no new substances
- Are usually easy to reverse
- Absorb or release small ammounts of energy
3 signs of a CHEMICAL change
- Creates new substances
- Usually difficult to reverse
- Absorb or release large amounts of energy
Chemical test for water
Anhydrous Copper(II) Sulfate turns from white to blue
Physical test for water
Pure water will boil at 100c
Define an element
A substance containing one type of atom only
Typical properties of metals
- High MP/BP
- Electrical conductors
- Malleable
- Shiny
Typical properties of non-metals
- Low MP/BP
- Electrical insulators
- Brittle
- Dull
Diatomic Molecules
Nitrogen, Oxygen, Hydrogen + Halogens
Define a compound
A substance containing more than one type of atom, chemically bonded together
Define a mixture
A substance containing more than one type of atom not chemically bonded together
How does the ammonium chloride tube illustrate diffusion
- Ammonium chloride forms as a white smoke towards the hydrogen chloride end
- The hydrogen chloride molecules are heavier so diffuse slower compared to ammonia
- Heating the tube will speed up the reaction but not change the results
Define solute
The substance which is going to be dissolved
Define solvent
The liquid which is going to do the dissolving
Define solution
The resulting mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent
Define saturated
A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved