Earth, nature and the environment 4 Flashcards
تاربَ – یُتارِبُ
to be someone’s comrade
أَترَبَ – یُترِبُ
to cover with earth or dust
تِرْبٌ (أَتْرابٌ)
contemporary; friend, companion; peer
تُرْبَةٌ (تُرَبٌ)
earth, dirt, dust, ground, soil
تُرابٌ (أَترِبةٌ)
earth, dirt, ground, soil
جَبلٌ (جِبالٌ / أَجبالٌ)
mountain, mountain range
جَدوَلٌ (جَداوِلُ)
a little stream, creek, brook; a timetable or schedule
جَرَفَ – یَجرُفُ
to sweep or wash away; to tear away or remove
اِنجَرفَ – یَنجَرِفُ
to be swept or carried away
اِجتَرفَ – یَجتَرِفُ
to sweep or wash away; to tear away or remove
تَجریفٌ / تآكُل التُّربةِ
soil erosion
جُرفٌ (جُروفٌ / أَجرافٌ)
shore; cliff, precipice
جُرفٌ جَلیدِيٌّ
avalanche
جَرَّافَةٌ (جَرَّافاتٌ)
rake; tractor
جارِفٌ
torrential (of water), stormy, violent (of emotions)
أَعلى الْجُرفِ
the tip of the iceberg
جَزَرَ – یَجزُرُ
to massacre, slaughter or kill; to sink; to drop (of water)
جَزْرٌ
slaughter, butchering; ebb (of the sea)
المَدُّ والْجَزْرُ
ebb and flow
جَزیرَةٌ (جُزُرٌ)
island
شِبھُ جَزیرَةٍ
peninsula
جَزائِرِيٌّ (جَزائِریّونَ)
Algerian
مَجزَرٌ (مَجازِرُ)
slaughterhouse, abattoir
مَجزَرَةٌ (مَجازِرُ)
massacre, carnage, butchery
جَزّارٌ (جَزّارونَ)
butcher
حَسُنَ – یَحسُنُ
to be handsome or beautiful; to be suitable or proper
حَسَّنَ – یُحَسّنُ
to improve; to beautify, embellish, adorn or decorate
أَحسنَ – یُحسِنُ
to act well or properly; to be able; to have command
تَحَسَّنَ – یَتَحَسّنُ
to improve; to become more beautiful or handsome
اِستَحسَنَ – یَستَحسِنُ
to approve, sanction or condone; to admire (sth)
حُسْنٌ
beauty, handsomeness, excellence
حَسَنٌ (حِسانٌ)
beautiful, handsome, lovely
أَحسَنُ
better, nicer
حَسنَةٌ (حَسناتٌ)
good deed; charity, alms; pl: advantages
حَسّونٌ (حَساسینُ)
goldfinch
مَحْسنَةٌ (مَحاسِنُ)
something good; advantage
تَحسینٌ
beautification; improvement, amelioration
تَحسینٌ وِراثِيٌّ
genetic modification
إِحسانٌ
beneficence, charity, alms-giving
تَحَسُّنٌ
improvement, amelioration
اِستِحسانٌ
approval, consent; discretion
مُحسِنٌ
beneficent, charitable (also a boy’s name)
مُستَحسَنٌ
approved; pleasant, agreeable
حاطَ – یَحیطُ
to guard, protect or watch; to attend; to surround
حَوَّطَ – یُحَوِّطُ
to build a wall; to surround
أَحاطَ – یُحیطُ
to surround, encompass or encircle
تَحَوَّطَ – یَتَحوَّطُ
to guard or protect; to be careful or cautious
اِحتاطَ – یَحتاطُ
to be cautious or on one’s guard; to surround; to guard or protect
حَیْطَةٌ
caution, circumspection
إِحاطَةٌ
comprehension, understanding, knowledge; encirclement
تَحَوُّطٌ
provision, precaution
اِحتیاطٌ (اِحتیاطاتٌ)
caution, prudence, care, attention; precautionary measures
اِحتیاطِيٌّ
reserve funds, capital reserves; military reserves; precautionary, preventive
الِاحتِیاطِيُّ الاِتّحاديُّ / الاِحتِیاطِيُّ الفیدراليُّ
the Federal Reserve
حائِطٌ (حیطانٌ / حَوائِطُ)
wall
حَویطٌ
clever, smart, shrewd
مُحیطٌ (مُحیطاتٌ)
ocean; circumference (of circle); milieu, surroundings
الْمُحیطُ الھادي / الْمُحیطُ الھادِئُ
Pacific Ocean
الْمُحیطُ الھندِيُّ
Indian Ocean
الْمُحیطُ الأَطلَسِيُّ
Atlantic Ocean
الْمُحیطُ المُتَجمّدُ الشَّمالِيُّ
Arctic Ocean
الْمُحیطُ المُتجمّدُ الجَنوبِيُّ
Antarctic Ocean
المانش the
English Channel
خَسَفَ – یَخسِفُ
to be eclipsed (of moon); to sink; to disappear
اِنخَسَفَ – یَنخِسفُ
to sink or go down
خَسْفٌ
baseness, ignominy, disgrace; causing to disappear or sink
خُسوفٌ
lunar eclipse
خُسوفُ الْقمرِ
moon eclipse
خَضَمَ – یَخضِمُ
to bite or munch on
خِضَمٌّ
sea, ocean (n); vast (said of the sea) (adj)
ذَرى – یَذري
to disperse or scatter; to carry off
ذَرّى – یُذَرّي
to disperse or scatter; to carry off
تَذَرّى – یَتَذَرّى
to be fanned; to climb or scale; to take refuge
اِستَذرى – یَستَذري
to take refuge; to place under (someone’s) protection
ذُرَةٌ
corn, maize
ذُرْوَةٌ (ذُرُواتٌ / ذُرَىً)
summit, top, peak; climax, culmination
رادَ – یَرودُ
to walk about; to look; to search or prowl
راوَدَ – یُراوِدُ
to try to tempt or entice; to approach or accost
أَرادَ – یُریدُ
to want, wish or have in mind; to covet or desire; to be bound (place)
أَرادَ – یُریدُ
to want, wish or have in mind; to covet or desire; to be bound (place)
اِرتادَ – یَرتادُ
to return (to a place); to explore
رَوْد / رِیادَةٌ
exploration
إِرادَةٌ (إِراداتٌ)
will, volition, desire; decree
إرادِيٌّ
intentional
رائِدٌ (رُوّادٌ)
astronaut; visitor; scout, explorer; leader (also a boy’s name in the
singular)
مُرادٌ
wanted, desired; intended; purpose; intention (also a boy’s name)
زَھَرَ – یَزْھَرُ
to shine, give light or be radiant
أَزھَرَ – یُزھِرُ
to glow, gleam or shine; to blossom or be in bloom
اِزدَھَرَ – یَزدَھِرُ
to blossom, flourish, thrive or prosper
زَھرٌ (زُھورٌ / أَزھارٌ)
flowers, blossoms
زَھرَةٌ (زَھراتٌ)
flower, blossom; splendour, beauty
زُھْرةٌ
brilliancy, light, brightness
الزُّھَرَةُ
planet Venus
مَزْھَرِیَّةٌ
flowerpot, vase
اِزدھارٌ
boom (economic); flourishing
مُزھِرٌ
in bloom; shining, luminous, bright
سَما – یَسْمو
to be high, elevated or tall; to exceed
سامى – یُسامي
to seek to surpass or excel
تَسامى – یَتَسامى
to vie with one another for glory; to be high or elevated
سُمُوٌّ
height, altitude; exaltedness, eminence
سَماءٌ (سَمَواتٌ)
heaven, sky, firmament
سَماءُ السَّماواتِ
the highest heaven
سَمائِيٌّ / سَماوِيٌّ
heavenly, celestial; open air, outdoor
أَسْمى
higher, above, more exalted (also a girl’s name)
سامٍ (سُماةٌ)
high, exalted, elevated
سالَ – یَسیلُ
to flow or stream; to be or become liquid
سَیَّلَ – یُسَیّلُ
to make flow or cause to stream; to liquefy
أَسالَ – یُسیلُ
to make flow or cause to stream; to liquefy
سَیْلٌ (سُیولٌ)
flood, inundation, torrent, torrential stream
سُیولَةٌ
liquidity
سائِلٌ (سَوائِلُ)
fluid, liquid
غازٌ مُسَیّلٌ لِلدُّموعِ
tear gas
صحراءُ (صَحارٍ / صَحارى / صَحراواتٌ)
desert; steppe
صَحراوِيٌّ
desolate; (of or relating to the) desert
أَراضٍ صَحراوِیَّةٌ
desert areas
صَنّفَ – یُصَنّفُ
to classify, sort or categorise; to compile or write
صِنفٌ (أَصنافٌ / صُنوفٌ)
type, species, kind, specimen, genus; article
تَصنیفٌ (تَصانیفُ)
classification, categorisation, sorting; compilation; literary work
تَصنیفَةٌ
assortment, selection
غَدَرَ – یَغدُرُ
to act treacherously, to deceive or betray
غادَرَ – یُغادِرُ
to leave or depart
غَدْرٌ
treachery, betrayal; treason
غَدیرٌ (غُدْرانٌ / غُدُرٌ)
pond, pool; stream, brook, creek
غَدیرَةٌ (غدائِرُ)
braid, plait
غَدَّارٌ / غادِرٌ
perfidious, treacherous, deceitful, false
غاصَ – یَغوصُ
to plunge or submerge; to dive
غَوَّصَ – یُغَوِّصُ
to plunge, immerse or submerge; to dive
غَوّاصٌ (غوّاصونَ)
diver, pearl-diver
غَوّاصَةٌ (غوّاصاتٌ)
submarines
غَوّاصَةٌ مُضادَّةٌ لِلطّائِراتِ
anti-aircraft submarine
فَضا – یَفضو
to be or become spacious
فَضَّى – یُفضّي
to empty, void or vacate
أَفضى – یُفضي
to come, arrive, attain or reach; to inform or notify
تَفَضّى – یَتَفضَّى
to have free time or leisure
فَضَاءٌ
space or outer space; vast and unlimited space
رائِدُ الْفَضاءِ
spaceman, astronaut
سَفینةُ الْفَضاءِ
spaceship
مَركَبَةٌ فَضائِیَّةٌ
spaceship
كائِناتٌ فَضائِیّةٌ
UFOs
فاضٍ
empty
فاضَ – یَفیضُ
to overflow, flood or inundate; to flow or stream
أَفاضَ – یُفیضُ
to pour forth; to be verbose; to evacuate
اِستَفاضَ – یَسْتفیضُ
to flood; to be elaborate or exhaustive
فَیْضٌ (فُیوضٌ)
inundation, deluge; abundance; streams
فَیّاضٌ
overflowing, bountiful, liberal
فَیَضانٌ (فَیَضاناتٌ)
flood, inundation
فائِضٌ (فوائِضُ)
abundant, plentiful; pl: interest (on money)
قَطَبَ – یَقطِبُ
to gather or collect; to frown or scowl
قَطَّبَ – یُقَطِّبُ
to frown
تَقَطَّبَ – یَتَقطَّبُ
to become gloomy or miserable
اِستَقطبَ – یَستَقطِبُ
to polarise
قُطْبٌ (أَقطابٌ)
pole, axis, pivot; leader
الْقُطْبُ الشَّمالِيُّ
the North Pole
القُطْبُ الْجَنوبِيُّ
the South Pole
القارَّةُ القُطبِیّةُ الجَنوبِیّةُ
Antarctica
قُطْبِيٌّ
polar
الدُّبُّ القُطبِيُّ
polar bear
اِستِقطابٌ
polarisation
قَطَرَ – یَقطُرُ
to drip, trickle or fall in drops
قَطَّرَ – یُقَطِّرُ
to let drip; to dribble; to filter or filtrate; to form a train of camels
تَقاطَرَ – یَتَقاطَرُ
to come in successive groups; to crowd or flock
اِستَقطَرَ – یَستَقطِرُ
to drip or drop; to distil
قَطْرةٌ (قَطَراتٌ)
drops, driblets
قُطْرٌ (أَقطارٌ)
region, district; country, land; diameter (of a circle)
قِطارٌ (قِطاراتٌ)
train; a train or caravan of camels; a single file (soldiers)
بِالقِطارِ
by train
قِطارٌ حَدیدِيٌّ
railroad train
قِطارُ الأَنفاقِ
underground tube
قَمَرَ – یَقمُرُ
to gamble; to defeat in gambling
قامَرَ – یُقامِرُ
to gamble, stake, hazard, bet or speculate
أَقمرَ – یُقمِرُ
to be moonlit (night)
قَمَرٌ (أَقمارٌ)
moon; satellite
قِمارٌ / مُقامَرةٌ
gambling; bet, wager
لَعِبُ الْقِمارِ
gambling
قَمَّ – یَقِمُّ
to sweep
قِمَّةٌ (قِمَمٌ)
summit, top, peak, apex
مُؤْتَمرُ القِمَّةِ
summit conference
قِمةُ مَجموعةِ العِشرینَ
G20 Summit
قُمامَةٌ
sweepings, rubbish, refuse
قَنالٌ
canal
قَنالُ السُّوَیْسِ
Suez Canal
قَنا – یَقنو
to acquire or appropriate; to possess or own; to adhere to
قنَى – یَقَني
to acquire or appropriate; to possess or own; to adhere to
قَنَّى – یُقَنّي
to dig a canal; to acquire; to adhere to
اِقتَنى – یَقتَني
to acquire or procure
قَناةٌ (قَنَواتٌ)
stream, canal, waterway, channel
قنَواتٌ دُبلوماسیَّةٌ
diplomatic channels
كَسَفَ – یَكسِفُ
to be or become dark or gloomy; to be eclipsed; to reprimand, reprove
or shame
اِنكَسَفَ – یَنكَسِفُ
to be eclipsed; to be shamed or ashamed; to blush
كَسْفٌ
darkening, eclipse
كُسوفٌ
eclipse, solar eclipse
كاسِفٌ
dejected, downcast, sad, worried, gloomy
كُسوفُ الشَّمسِ
eclipse of the sun
كَوكَبٌ (كَواكِبُ)
a star; a planet
كَوْكَبةٌ (كواكِبُ)
star; group, troop, squadron
كَوْكَبِيٌّ
star-shaped; stellar, astral
كانَ – یَكونُ
to be or to exist; to happen, occur or take place
كوَّنَ – یُكَوِّنُ
to make, create, produce or originate; to bring forth; to shape
تَكَوَّنَ – یَتَكَوّنُ
to be created or formed; to consist of
اِستَكانَ – یَستَكینُ
to become lowly or humble; to submit, yield or surrender
كَوْنٌ (أَكْوانٌ)
being, existence; an event
الكَوْنُ
the world, the universe, the cosmos
كِیانٌ
being, essence, substance
مَكانٌ (أَمْكِنةٌ / أَماكِنُ)
place, site, spot, location
مَكانَةٌ (مَكاناتٌ)
place, location, situation, position; office; influence
تَكوینٌ (تكاوینُ)
forming, shaping; origination; pl: rock formations
تَكَوُّنٌ
genesis, birth, origin
كائِنٌ (كائِناتٌ)
being, creature, entity
كائِنٌ حَيٌّ
living creature
مُكَوِّنٌ
creator; shaper, former
مُكَوِّنٌ (مُكَوِّناتٌ)
ingredient, component, element
مُكّوَّنٌ
made, formed, shaped
لاثَ – یَلوثُ
to pollute, tarnish, soil or sully; to hesitate or tarry
لَوَّثَ – یُلَوِّثُ
to pollute, tarnish, soil or sully; to hesitate or tarry
تَلَوَّثَ – یَتَلَوَّثُ
to be stained, tarnished or polluted
مُلَوَّثٌ
stained, tarnished, polluted
تَلَوُّثٌ
pollution
مَرجانٌ
small pearls; coral
مَرجانِيٌّ
coral; coral-red
الشُّعابُ المَرجانِیَّةُ
coral reefs
جَزیرةٌ مَرْجانِیَّةٌ
atoll
ماءٌ (مِیاهٌ)
water, liquid, fluid
كالْماءِ الجاري
like flowing water, smoothly
ماءٌ عَذْبٌ / ماءٌ فُراتٌ
fresh or potable water
ماءٌ غازِيٌّ
carbonated water
مِیاهٌ إقلیمیّةٌ
territorial waters
میاهٌ جَوْفِیّةٌ
groundwater
میاهٌ ساحِلیّةٌ
coastal waters
میاهٌ عَمیقَةٌ
deep waters
میاهٌ سَطحِیّةٌ
rivers
نقصُ المیاهِ
water shortage
تَنقِیَةُ المِیاهِ
water purification
تَحلِیَةُ المِیاهِ
water desalination
مائِيٌّ
aquatic, relating to water
نَقَعَ – یَنقَعُ
to stagnate or be stagnant; to quench; to infuse or brew
أَنقَعَ – یُنقِعُ
to soak; to quench (thirst)
اِستَنقَعَ – یَستَنقِعُ
to stagnate or be stagnant; to be swamp-like (ground)
نَقعٌ (أَنْقُعٌ / نُقوعٌ)
soaking, steeping, infusing; pl: stagnant water, swamps, bogs
مُستَنقَعٌ (مُستَنقَعاتٌ)
marsh, swamp
حُمّى المُسْتَنقَعاتِ
malaria
نَھَرَ – یَنھَرُ
to stream forth; to reproach, scold or reject; to drive away
اِنتَھَرَ – یَنتَھِرُ
to scold; to drive away
نَھَرٌ (أَنھُرٌ / أَنھارٌ / نُھورٌ)
river, stream
نَھَرُ النّیلِ
the Nile
نَھَرُ دِجْلَةَ
Tigris River
نَھرُ الاُردُنِّ
Jordan River
نَھارٌ (أَنھُرٌ / نُھُرٌ)
daytime; day
نَوَّعَ – یُنَوِّعُ
to sort or classify; to compose; to diversify; to change or modify
تَنَوّعَ – یَتَنَوّعُ
to be diverse in kind or form; to be complex
نَوْعٌ (أَنواعٌ)
species, sort, kind; classification
تَنویعٌ
diversity; change, alteration, modification
تَنوُّعٌ
diversity, variety, multiplicity; change
مُنَوَّعٌ
different, diverse, various; complex
مُتَنوِّعٌ
different, diverse, various; complex
ھَجُنَ – یَھْجُنُ
to be incorrect or faulty
ھَجَّنَ – یُھَجّنُ
to censure or disparage
اِستَھجَنَ – یَستَھجِنُ
to consider (sth) bad; to disapprove or condemn
ھُجنَةٌ
fault, defect; baseness, meanness
ھَجَّانٌ (ھَجّانَةٌ)
camel rider
ھَجینٌ (ھُجُنٌ)
low, base, ignoble, mean
ھَجینةٌ (ھجائِنُ)
hybrid; racing camel
اِستِھجانٌ
disapproval
ھَضَبَ – یَھضِبُ
to be long-winded or verbose
ھَضَبَةٌ (ھِضابٌ)
hill, mountain, elevation
ھَلَّ – یَھِلُّ
to appear or come up; to show (of crescent moon); to begin
ھَلَّلَ – یُھَلّلُ
to say ‘la illah illa allah’; to rejoice, jubilate or applaud
تَھلّلَ – یَتَھلَّلُ
to be radiant or glow; to be delighted
اِنھَلَّ – یَنھَلُّ
to pour down; to undertake
اِستَھَلَ – یَستَھِلُّ
to begin; to raise one’s voice; to intone
ھِلالٌ (أَھِلَّةٌ / أَھالیلُ)
new moon, half moon, crescent
الھِلالُ الأَحمرُ
the Red Crescent
ھِلالِيٌّ
crescent-shaped, lunar
یلٌ (تَھالیلُ)
utterance of formula ‘la illaha illa allah,’ ‘there is no God but Allah’;
rejoicing, jubilation, cheering
تَھَلُّلٌ
joy, jubilation, exultation
اِستِھلالٌ
beginning, opening, introduction
مُتَھَلّلٌ
jubilant, radiant
واحٌ / واحَةٌ (واحاتٌ)
oasis
وادٍ (أَودِیَةٌ)
valley
وَحِلَ – یَوْحِلُ
to get stuck in the mud; to be stuck or stranded; to be in a fix
وَحَّلَ – یُوَحّلُ
to become muddy
أَوحلَ – یوحِلُ
to mire or throw someone in mud; to be in a quagmire
تَوَحّلَ – یَتَوَحَّلُ
to be or become dirty or muddy
وَحِلٌ
muddy, dirty
وَحْلٌ (وُحولٌ)
mud, mire
مُوَحَّلٌ
muddy, dirty
یَبِسَ – یَیْبِسُ
to be or become dry
یَبَّسَ – یُیَبّسُ
to dry
یَبْسٌ
dry, arid
الیَبسُ / الیابِسةُ
dry land; land, terra firma
یُبوسَةٌ
dryness (also of speech and writing)
یابِسٌ
dry, dried out, rigid, hard, firm, arid
إزالةُ الغاباتِ
deforestation
الاِحتِرارِ العالَمِيِّ / الاِحتِباسِ الحَرارِيّ
global warming
السّلامُ الأَخضَرُ
Greenpeace
خَطُّ الاِستِواءِ
equator
خَطُّ الطّولِ
longitude
خَطُّ العَرْضِ
latitude
طَبقةُ الأوزونِ
ozone layer
ظاھِرةُ الاِحتِباسِ الحَرارِيِّ
greenhouse effect
