diuretica Flashcards

1
Q

acetazolamide

A
= koolzuuranhydrase inhibitor
indicaties:
- open hoek glaucoom
- alkalinisatie urine
- metabole alkalose
- acute mountain sickness
bijwerkingen:
- alkalisatie urine
- metabole acidose
- nierstenen
- verlies Kalium
- meer kans encefalopathie
- overgevoeligheidreactie
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2
Q

werking koolzuuranhydrase inhibitoren

A

blok KZA -> daling bicarbonaat reabsorptie in proximale tubulus -> blok water reabsorptie
+ systemische acidose
+ alkalische urine

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3
Q

werking thiaziden

A

blok Na/Cl transporter distale tubulus -> minder water reabsorptie
+ verhoging K secretie
+ alkalose

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4
Q

indicaties thiaziden

A
  • 1e lijn hypertensie
  • congestief hartfalen
  • ernstig resistent oedeem
  • nefrolithiase = nierstenen
  • nefrogene diabetes insipidus
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5
Q

bijwerkingen thiaziden

A
  • hypokaliemische metabole alkalose
  • hyperuricemie + uitlokken jicht
  • hyperglycemie
  • hyperlipidemie
  • hyponatriemie
  • allergische reacties
  • moeheid
  • paresthesieen
  • erectiele dysfunctie
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6
Q

werking lisdiuretica

A

blok Na/K/2Cl transport
-> hypomagniesiemie
= meest krachtig diuretica

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7
Q

furosemide

A

= lisdiuretica

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8
Q

bumetanide

A

= lisdiuretica

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9
Q

torasemide

A

= lisdiuretica

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10
Q

farmacokinetiek lisdiuretica

A
  • snelle absorptie
  • 100% biologische beschikbaarheid oraal
    (-> bij hartfalen en acuut longoedeem wel IV geven, want verminderde perfusie -> absorptie na peroraal vaak slecht)
  • eliminatie via glomerulaire filtratie en secretie
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11
Q

indicaties lisdiuretica

A
  • chronisch hartfalen
  • acuut longoedeem
  • levercirrose
  • nierziekten
  • hypercalciemie
  • hyperkaliemie
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12
Q

bijwerkingen lisdiuretica

A
  • hypokaliemische metabole alkalose
  • hypomagnesiemie
  • dehydratatie
  • hyponatriemie
  • ototoxiciteit
  • hyperuricemie
  • allergische reacties
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13
Q

spironolacton

A

= kaliumsparend diureticum
= competitieve antagonist mineralocorticosteroidreceptor
->zwak diureticum
-> inhiberen K secretie

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14
Q

eplerenon

A

= kaliumsparend diureticum
= antagonist aldosteron
-> verhinderen K secretie

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15
Q

triamterene

A

= kaliumsparend diureticum
-> rechtstreeks inhibitie Na transport in verzamelbuisje
( Na influx is gekoppeld aan K secretie) -> k sparend

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16
Q

amiloride

A

= kaliumsparend diureticum
-> rechtstreeks inhibitie Na transport in verzamelbuisje
( Na influx is gekoppeld aan K secretie) -> k sparend

17
Q

bijwerkingen kaliumsparende diuretica

A
  • hyperkaliemie
  • gyneacomastie
  • impotentie
  • metabole acidose
  • nierstenen
18
Q

contra-indicaties kaliumsparende diuretica

A

combinaties die kaliemie verhogen:

  • k-supplementen
  • nierlijden
  • NSAID, ACE inh
  • spironlactone + triamterene/ amiloride
19
Q

mannitol

A
= osmotisch diureticum
- IV toediening
indicaties:
- verminderen intracraniale en intraoculaire druk
- verhogen urinevolume
bijwerkingen:
- transiente expansie ECV ( hartfalen, longoedeem, hoofdpijn, nausea, braken)
- dehydratie 
- hypernatriemie