Cognition & Senses 2: Ocular Pathology Flashcards
the eye DEVELOPS from WHAT 3 STRUCTURES?
- NEUROECTODERM
- SURFACE ECTODERM
- MESENCHYME
what are the 3 parts of the eye?
- OUTER FIBROUS TUNIC
- MIDDLE VASCULAR TUNIC
- INNER NERVOUS NEUROSENSORY TUNIC
GONIODYSGENESIS definition
this PREDISPOSES dogs to ___
= DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS of the ANTERIOR CHAMBER MESENCHYME at the IRIDOCORNEAL ANGLE
this PREDISPOSES dogs to GLAUCOMA
PROLAPSED GLAND of the THIRD EYELID/NICTITANS GLAND
etiology?
unilateral or bilateral?
breeds? (4)
etiology = due to CONGENITAL WEAKNESS or LAXITY of SURROUNDING CT & CARTILAGE
usually UNILATERAL
breeds?
1. BULLDOGS
2. MASTIFFS
3. COCKER SPANIELS
4. BEAGLES
causes of CONJUNCTIVITIS…
2 VIRAL?
3 BACTERIAL?
2 PARASITIC?
2 VIRAL?
1. FHV-1
2. MCF
3 BACTERIAL?
1. CHLAMYDIA
2. MYCOPLASMA
3. MORAXELLA
2 PARASITIC?
1. ONCHOCERCA
2. HABRONEMA
4 main INFECTIOUS DDxs for CATS with CONJUNCTIVITIS?
- FHV-1
- CHLAMYDIA
- MYCOPLASMA
- CALICIVIRUS
MORAXELLA BOVIS..
this is a ___ DZ
can cause WHAT clinical sign in WHAT SPECIES?
SYSTEMIC DZ
can cause CONJUNCTIVITIS in BOVINES
5 neoplasias in EYELID & CONJUNCTIVA?
- PAPILLOMAS
- SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
- MEIBOMIAN GLAND NEOPLASMS
- MELANOCYTOMA
- HEMAGIOMA/HSA
TRUE/FALSE
WE SHOULD NOT REMOVE A PROLAPSED THIRD EYELID
TRUE
SQUAMOUS CELL CARINOMA in the CONJUNCTIVA is COMMON in WHAT 2 SPECIES?
common in CATTLE & HORSES
___ ____ are COMMON BENIGN TUMORS in DOGS
MEIBOMIAN ADENOMAS
IMMUNOLOGIC cause of CORNEAL DZ is often a ____ ____ ___ REACTION
TYPE III HYPERSENSITIVITY
___ ___ DISEASES can cause CORNEAL DZ
LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASES
FUNGAL KERATITIS…
is usually a SEQUELAE of…
can lead to ____ ___ with _____
common etiologic agent?
is usually a SEQUELAE of CORNEAL ULCERS
can lead to DEEP ULCERS with KERATOMALACIA
common agent = ASPERGILLUS
NODULAR GRANULOMATOUS SCLERITIS..
occurs in WHAT SPECIES?
often secondary to WHAT 2 DISEASES?
occurs in DOGS
often SECONDARY to…
1. ORBITAL CELLULITIS
2. INTRAOCULAR DISEASE
CANINE LIMBAL MELANOCYTOMAS..
what AGE dogs?
breed predilection?
malignant vs. benign?
CAN occur in YOUNGER ANIMALS ~2 years
GSDs predisposed
BENIGN but CAN GROW BIG
SUPPURATIVE ANTERIOR UVEITIS
has a ___ component to DZ
1 common cause?
has a BACTERIAL component to DZ
1 common cause? = can ACCIDENTALLY POKE THROUGH ALVEOLAR BONE in DENTAL
what is a COMMON CAUSE of UNILATERAL UVEITIS in YOUNG CATS?
PATHOGNOMONIC PE FINDING?
FIP
on PE, see RUBIOSIS IRIDIS (DARK RED ORANGEY EYES)
3 findings of FIP on OCULAR EXAM?
- RUBEOSIS IRIDIS
- KERATIC PRECIPITATES
- CORNEAL NEOVASCULARIZATION
common cause of ANTERIOR UVEITITS in DOGS?
= describe what happens
what PE finding do we see?
common cause = CANINE ADENOVIRUS-1
= UVEITIS due to TYPE III HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION
on PE, BILATERAL CORNEAL BLUE FROM CORNEAL EDEMA
LYMPHOPLASMACYTIC ANTERIOR UVEITIS…
commonality in WHAT species?
2 potential etiologies?
often causes WHAT sequelae DZ?
COMMON CAUSE OF UVEITIS IN CATS
etiologies?
1. FIV
2. FeLV
often causes GLAUCOMA
EQUINE RECURRENT UVEITIS
potential etiologic agent?
MOST COMMON cause of WHAT 2 DISEASES?
3 other SEQUELAE?
potential etiology? = LEPTOSPIRA INFECTION
MOST COMMON cause of…
1. BLINDNESS
2. GLAUCOMA
3 common SEQUELAE?
1. CATARACT
2. RETINAL DETACHMENT
3. SYNECHIAE
for MANY NEOPLASIAS in EYE, WHAT procedure is CURATIVE?
ENUCLEATION
what is the MOST COMMON UVEAL NEOPLASIA in DOGS/CATS?
MELANOMA/MELANOCYTOMA
IRIDOCILIARY ADENOMA
= what is it?
what procedure CURES it?
= when the EPITHELIUM of IRIS & CILIARY BODY becomes NEOPLASTIC
ENUCLEATION CURES IT
what is the MOST COMMON POST-TRAUMATIC SARCOMA in CATS?
POST-TRAUMATIC FIBROSARCOMA
LYMPHOMA in the EYE..
etiology?
rate of metastasis?
etiology? = thought to occur due to CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
DOES NOT TEND TO METASTASIZE
