Cognition & Senses 2: Ocular Pathology

Question 1

the eye DEVELOPS from WHAT 3 STRUCTURES?

Answer 1

1. NEUROECTODERM
2. SURFACE ECTODERM
3. MESENCHYME

Question 2

what are the 3 parts of the eye?

Answer 2

1. OUTER FIBROUS TUNIC
2. MIDDLE VASCULAR TUNIC
3. INNER NERVOUS NEUROSENSORY TUNIC

Question 3

GONIODYSGENESIS definition

this PREDISPOSES dogs to ___

Answer 3

= DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS of the ANTERIOR CHAMBER MESENCHYME at the IRIDOCORNEAL ANGLE

this PREDISPOSES dogs to GLAUCOMA

Question 4

PROLAPSED GLAND of the THIRD EYELID/NICTITANS GLAND

etiology?

unilateral or bilateral?

breeds? (4)

Answer 4

etiology = due to CONGENITAL WEAKNESS or LAXITY of SURROUNDING CT & CARTILAGE

usually UNILATERAL

breeds?
1. BULLDOGS
2. MASTIFFS
3. COCKER SPANIELS
4. BEAGLES

Question 5

causes of CONJUNCTIVITIS…

2 VIRAL?

3 BACTERIAL?

2 PARASITIC?

Answer 5

2 VIRAL?
1. FHV-1
2. MCF

3 BACTERIAL?
1. CHLAMYDIA
2. MYCOPLASMA
3. MORAXELLA

2 PARASITIC?
1. ONCHOCERCA
2. HABRONEMA

Question 6

4 main INFECTIOUS DDxs for CATS with CONJUNCTIVITIS?

Answer 6

1. FHV-1
2. CHLAMYDIA
3. MYCOPLASMA
4. CALICIVIRUS

Question 7

MORAXELLA BOVIS..

this is a ___ DZ

can cause WHAT clinical sign in WHAT SPECIES?

Answer 7

SYSTEMIC DZ

can cause CONJUNCTIVITIS in BOVINES

Question 8

5 neoplasias in EYELID & CONJUNCTIVA?

Answer 8

1. PAPILLOMAS
2. SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
3. MEIBOMIAN GLAND NEOPLASMS
4. MELANOCYTOMA
5. HEMAGIOMA/HSA

Question 9

TRUE/FALSE

WE SHOULD NOT REMOVE A PROLAPSED THIRD EYELID

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

SQUAMOUS CELL CARINOMA in the CONJUNCTIVA is COMMON in WHAT 2 SPECIES?

Answer 10

common in CATTLE & HORSES

Question 11

___ ____ are COMMON BENIGN TUMORS in DOGS

Answer 11

MEIBOMIAN ADENOMAS

Question 12

IMMUNOLOGIC cause of CORNEAL DZ is often a ____ ____ ___ REACTION

Answer 12

TYPE III HYPERSENSITIVITY

Question 13

___ ___ DISEASES can cause CORNEAL DZ

Answer 13

LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASES

Question 14

FUNGAL KERATITIS…

is usually a SEQUELAE of…

can lead to ____ ___ with _____

common etiologic agent?

Answer 14

is usually a SEQUELAE of CORNEAL ULCERS

can lead to DEEP ULCERS with KERATOMALACIA

common agent = ASPERGILLUS

Question 15

NODULAR GRANULOMATOUS SCLERITIS..

occurs in WHAT SPECIES?

often secondary to WHAT 2 DISEASES?

Answer 15

occurs in DOGS

often SECONDARY to…
1. ORBITAL CELLULITIS
2. INTRAOCULAR DISEASE

Question 16

CANINE LIMBAL MELANOCYTOMAS..

what AGE dogs?

breed predilection?

malignant vs. benign?

Answer 16

CAN occur in YOUNGER ANIMALS ~2 years

GSDs predisposed

BENIGN but CAN GROW BIG

Question 17

SUPPURATIVE ANTERIOR UVEITIS

has a ___ component to DZ

1 common cause?

Answer 17

has a BACTERIAL component to DZ

1 common cause? = can ACCIDENTALLY POKE THROUGH ALVEOLAR BONE in DENTAL

Question 18

what is a COMMON CAUSE of UNILATERAL UVEITIS in YOUNG CATS?

PATHOGNOMONIC PE FINDING?

Answer 18

FIP

on PE, see RUBIOSIS IRIDIS (DARK RED ORANGEY EYES)

Question 19

3 findings of FIP on OCULAR EXAM?

Answer 19

1. RUBEOSIS IRIDIS
2. KERATIC PRECIPITATES
3. CORNEAL NEOVASCULARIZATION

Question 20

common cause of ANTERIOR UVEITITS in DOGS?

= describe what happens

what PE finding do we see?

Answer 20

common cause = CANINE ADENOVIRUS-1

= UVEITIS due to TYPE III HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION

on PE, BILATERAL CORNEAL BLUE FROM CORNEAL EDEMA

Question 21

LYMPHOPLASMACYTIC ANTERIOR UVEITIS…

commonality in WHAT species?

2 potential etiologies?

often causes WHAT sequelae DZ?

Answer 21

COMMON CAUSE OF UVEITIS IN CATS

etiologies?
1. FIV
2. FeLV

often causes GLAUCOMA

Question 22

EQUINE RECURRENT UVEITIS

potential etiologic agent?

MOST COMMON cause of WHAT 2 DISEASES?

3 other SEQUELAE?

Answer 22

potential etiology? = LEPTOSPIRA INFECTION

MOST COMMON cause of…
1. BLINDNESS
2. GLAUCOMA

3 common SEQUELAE?
1. CATARACT
2. RETINAL DETACHMENT
3. SYNECHIAE

Question 23

for MANY NEOPLASIAS in EYE, WHAT procedure is CURATIVE?

Answer 23

ENUCLEATION

Question 24

what is the MOST COMMON UVEAL NEOPLASIA in DOGS/CATS?

Answer 24

MELANOMA/MELANOCYTOMA

Question 25

IRIDOCILIARY ADENOMA

= what is it?

what procedure CURES it?

Answer 25

= when the EPITHELIUM of IRIS & CILIARY BODY becomes NEOPLASTIC

ENUCLEATION CURES IT

Question 26

what is the MOST COMMON POST-TRAUMATIC SARCOMA in CATS?

Answer 26

POST-TRAUMATIC FIBROSARCOMA

Question 27

LYMPHOMA in the EYE..

etiology?

rate of metastasis?

Answer 27

etiology? = thought to occur due to CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

DOES NOT TEND TO METASTASIZE