Cognition & Senses 2: Intracranial Neoplasia Flashcards
DOGS vs. CATS with CNS TUMOR INCIDENCE?
DOGS > CATS
MENINGIOMA..
this is a ____ BRAIN TUMOR
originates from the…
this is a PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR
originates from the NEURAL CREST
SCHWANNOMA
this is a ___ BRAIN TUMOR
originates from the…
this is a PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR
originates from the NEURAL CREST
GLIAL CELLS & NEURONS originate from the…
NEURAL TUBE
MOST PITUITARY GLAND TUMORS arise from the ____, which ORIGINATES from the ___ (___ in origin)
ADENOHYPOPHYSIS, ECTODERM, EPITHELIAL
TRUE/FALSE
brain tumors arising from the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS are COMMON in dogs/cats
FALSE, UNCOMMON
PACHYMENINGES = ??? (1)
LEPTOMENINGES? = ??? (2)
PACHYMENINGES? = DURA MATER
LEPTOMENINGES?
1. ARACHNOID MATER
2. PIA MATER
NAME…
yellow?
blue?
green?
yellow = TENTORIUM CEREBELLI
blue = INFRATENORIAL (CEREBELLUM)
green = SUPRETENTORIAL (CEREBRUM)
GLIOMAS tend to be more likely in dogs in WHAT AGE RANGE?
MENINGIOMAS tend to be more likely in dogs in WHAT AGE RANGE?
GLIOMAS = 4-8 YEARS OLD
MENINGIOMAS = 8-14 YEARS OLD
what is the MOST COMMON PRIMARY TUMOR TYPE in DOGS & CATS?
these tend to be EXTRA-____
MENINGIOMA
these tend to be EXTRA-MEDULLARY
TRUE/FALSE
we COMMONLY see MULTIPLE MENINGIOMAS in CATS
TRUE
what is the SECOND-MOST COMMON PRIMARY TUMOR TYPE IN DOGS?
name the 2 SUBTYPES and WHAT THEY ARISE FROM & WHAT THOSE CELLS DO/PRODUCE
these are ___-AXIAL TUMORS
GLIOMA
2 subtypes?
1. ASTROCYTOMAS = originate from ASTROCYTES that are SUPPORTING CELLS
- OLIGODENDROGLIOMAS = OLIGODENDROCYTES which PRODUCE MYELIN
these are INTRA-AXIAL TUMORS
CHOROID PLEXUS TUMORS tend to APPEAR in WHAT 2 LOCATIONS?
WHERE do they tend to METASTASIZE?
2 locations?
1. 4TH VENTRICLE
2. SPINAL CORD
METASTASIZE in the VENTRICLES commonly
EPENDYMOMA
commonality?
metastasis?
RARE
NO METASTASIS
6 common SECONDARY BRAIN TUMORS? (metastasize)
which is MOST COMMON?
- HSA –> MOST COMMON
- MELANOMA
- LYMPHOMA –> in YOUNGER ANIMALS
- CARCINOMA
- HISTIOCYTIC SARCOMA
- OSTEOSARCOMA
PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS often occur in dogs of WHAT AGE?
name SPECIFIC BREED PREDISPOSITIONS…
–> GLIOMAS? (3)
–> MENINGIOMAS? (2)
most often occur in DOGS >5 YEARS
name SPECIFIC BREED PREDISPOSITIONS…
–> GLIOMAS? (3)
1. BOXER
2. BOSTON TERRIOR
3. BULLDOGS
–> MENINGIOMAS? (2)
1. MOST BREEDS
2. GOLDENS
CEREBRAL or PITUITARY MASSES can be ___ ___ BEFORE….
VERY LARGE BEFORE CLINICAL SIGNS BECOME APPARENT
PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS tend to present with… (2)
- VAGUE CHRONIC HISTORY
- OFTEN RAPID PROGRESSION or ACUTE DECOMPENSATION
CLINICAL SIGNS of PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS? (3)
3 POSSIBLE DISEASES? (hint: all related)
- SEIZURES
- CP DEFICITS
- MENTATION CHANGES
3 diseases?
1. CENTRAL
2. PERIPHERAL
3. PARADOXICAL VESTIBULAR DZ
what are the 2 the BEST DIAGNOSTICS for PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS?
–> which is REQUIRED for DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS
name 4 other methods
BEST 2 DIAGNOSTICS?
1. MRI
2. BIOPSY –> REQUIRED FOR DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS
name 4 others
1. SKULL RADS
2. CT
3. ELECTRODIAGNOSTICS
4. CSF ANALYSIS
on CSF MOST NEOPLASIA tends to show…
INCREASED PROTEIN with NORMAL CELL COUNT
3 DISEASES where we DO expect NEOPLASTIC CELLS on CSF?
is this the usual?
- LYMPHOMA
- HISTIOCYTIC SARCOMA
- CHOROID PLEXUS TUMORS
NOT USUAL, NEOPLASTIC CELLS IN MINORITY OF CASES
what is the TREATMENT (2) and PROGNOSIS for PALLIATIVE care for PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS?
TREATMENT?
1. AEDs
2. CORTICOSTEROIDS
PROGNOSIS = A FEW WEEKS to MONTHS
what is the SURGICAL OPTION for MENINGIOMA?
MST?
SURGICAL OPTION = INTRADURAL EXTRAMEDULLARY
MST = 6 MONTHS to 7 YEARS
