Defense & Barriers 2: Endocrine (Mauldin) Flashcards
what 2 hormones are produced from the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS? & what do they do?
- ADH = SECRETED when animal is DEHYDRATED to RETAIN WATER/Na
- OXYTOCIN = SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS OF UTERUS & MILK LETDOWN
the _____ extends from ___ ____ ___ in the ____ and _____ nuclei
NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, nerve cell bodies, supraoptic, paraventricular
lymphocytic thyroiditis…
causes what ONE main disease?
pathophysiology? (4, bottom 2 are result of second point)
ONE main disease?
–> HYPOTHYROIDISM
pathophys?
1. Thyroid gland spontaneously atrophies and STOPS PRODUCING THYROXINE (T4)
2. Lack of T4 causes TSH TO BE REALLY HIGH to try and MAKE T4, which then causes…
3. Obesity
4. Hair loss
adrenalitis is a sequelae of WHAT disease?
ADDISION’S
4 types of HYPOFUNCTIONAL endocrine diseases?
- DISEASE process interferes with HORMONE PRODUCTION
- DISEASE process interferes with STIMULATING HORMONE
- BIRTH DEFECT that causes HORMONE TO NOT BE PRODUCED
- BIOCHEMICAL DEFECT with the HORMONE ITSLEF
ID diseases & clinical sign it’s associated with
HYPOTHYROIDISM (lymphocytic adenitis)
ID disease (2 names)
PITUITARY DWARFISM or PANHYPOPITUITARISM
panhypopituitarism…
what are the clinical signs due to?
what 2 hormones are affected/what happens to them?
what breed is most susceptible?
inheritance?
clinical signs due to GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY because CYSTS ARE GROWING where the PITUITARY SHOULD BE
both ACTH and TSH NOT PRODUCED AT ALL!
GERMAN SHEPHERDS MOST SUSCEPTIBLE
inherited via AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
in a HYPERFUNCTIONAL endocrine disease, it’s often due to…
FUNCTIONAL TUMOR that DOES NOT RESPOND TO FEEDBACK INHIBITION
identify lesion
PITUITARY ADENOMA
pituitary tumors…
are usually…
if they’re ____ ____, then are often ____, and can cause…
usually FUNCTIONAL
if they’re NON-FUNCTIONAL, then often CARCINOMAS
–> can cause compression and destruction of remaining PITUITARY and HYPOTHALAMUS
pituitary adenomas…
in dogs, they’re most likely found where?
in horses, they’re most likely found where?
DOGS = PARS DISTALIS
HORSES = PARS INTERMEDIA
ID lesion & what 2 things are occurring?
** what structure is being affected?
PITUITARY CARCINOMA
HEMORRHAGE and NECROSIS present
** THALAMUS is being destroyed!
feline hyperthyroidism…
what AGE cats does it affect?
pathophys?
what can we expect on b/w?
age?
–> Common in AGED cats
pathophys?
–> MULTIPLE BENIGN small tumors PRODUCE T4
expect on b/w?
–> ELEVATED T3 and T4 levels
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus definition
what clinical sign do you see?
what happens if you give ADH?
causes KIDNEY TO NOT RESPOND TO ADH BECAUSE there’s a MUTATION in ADENYLATE CYCLASE in CYTOPLASM
PU/PD is the clinical sign!
GIVING ADH DOES NOTHING!
ID lesion & WHAT IS OCCURRING
lesion = PITUITARY ADENOMA
what’s occurring = BILATERAL CORTICAL HYPERPLASIA
ID lesion & WHAT IS OCCURRING
lesion = ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA
what’s occurring = METASTASIS into VENA CAVA
this is from a CUSHENOID dog… what’s happening?
MINERALS are PUSHING THROUGH HAIR FOLLICLES from CALCINOSIS CUTIS
this is from a CUSHENOID dog… what’s happening?
SKIN ATROPHY from GCCs
what is this? (2)
- this is a NON-FUNCTIONAL ADRENOCORTICAL TUMOR, maybe a CARCINOMA
2.we know it’s non-functional because IT DID NOT CAUSE ATROPHY OF OTHER GLAND!
