Chp 41 Minerals Flashcards
What are the 10 minerals required for humans?
- calcium
- phosphorus
- sulfur
- potassium
- chlorine
- sodium
- magnesium
- iron
- fluorine
- iodine
What are the functions of calcium? 3
- bone and tooth formation
- blood clotting
- nerve and muscle function
What are the symptoms of calcium deficiency?
- impaired growth
- loss of bone mass
What are the functions of phosphorus?
- bone and tooth formation
- acid base balance
- nucleotide synthesis
What are the symptoms of phosphorus deficiency?
- Weakness
- loss of minerals from bones
- calcium loss
What are the functions of sulfur?
Component of certain amino acids
What are some symptoms of sulfur deficiency?
- impaired growth
- fatigue
- swelling
What are functions of potassium?
- acid base balance
- water balance
- nerve function
What are symptoms of potassium deficiency?
- muscular weakness
- paralysis
- nausea
- heart failure
What are the functions of chlorine?
- acid base balance
- formation of gastric juices
- nerve function
- osmotic balance
What are the symptoms of chlorine deficiency?
- Muscle cramps
- reduced appetite
What are the functions of sodium?
- acid base balance
- water balance
- nerve function
What are the symptoms of sodium deficiency?
- muscle cramps
- reduced appetite
What are the functions of magnesium?
- enzyme cofactor
- ATP bioenergetics
What are the symptoms of magnesium deficiency?
- Nervous system disturbances
What are the functions of iron?
- Components of hemoglobin and of electron carries
- enzyme cofactor
What are the symptoms of iron deficiency?
- iron deficiency anemia
- weakness
- impaired immunity
What are the functions of fluorine?
Maintenance of tooth structure
What are the symptoms of fluorine deficiency?
- Higher frequency of tooth decay
What are the functions of iodine?
Components of thyroid hormones
What are the symptoms of iodine deficiency?
Goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)
