Chapter 35 Plant Structure Study Guide Part 2 Flashcards
What is the pericycle?
Outermost cell layer in vascular cylinder
- lateral roots arise from within the pericycle
What does the endodermis do?
Regulates passage of substances from soil into vascular cylinder
What is the endodermis?
Innermost layer of the cortex
What are shoot apical meristems?
Dome shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip
What does the stomata do?
Pores that allows for CO2 and O2 exchange between the air and photosynthetic cells in a leaf
What is mesophyll? What are its two layers?
Ground tissue in a leaf between upper and lower epidermis
2 layers: Palisade mesophyll and Spongy mesophyll
What is a palisade mesophyll?
Upper part of the leaf
What is a spongy mesophyll?
Lower part of the leaf; loose arrangement allows for gas exchange
What does leaves develop from?
Develops from leaf primordia along the sides of the apical meristem
What does secondary growth do?
Increases at the diameter of stems and roots in woody plants
Where can secondary growth be found?
In gymnosperms and eudicots
On a typical wood stem, where does the vascular cambium form?
Vascular cambium forms on the outside of the pith and primary xylem, and inside of primary phloem & cortex
On a typical wood root, where does the vascular cambium form?
Vascular cambium forms exterior to primary xylem and inferior to primary phloem and pericycle
What is dendrochronology?
Analysis of tree ring growth patterns and can be used to study past climate damage.
What are lenticels?
Located at the periderm and allows for gas exchange b/w living stem or root cells and the outside air
