Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 31 Fungi > Flashcards

Chapter 31 Fungi Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is fungi?

A

Heterotrophs that feed by absorption (outside of their bodies); break down organic material and recycle vital nutrietns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mycorrhizal

A

Mutualistic association between plants and bacteria/fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the body structure of fungi?

A

Multicellular filaments or unicellular (yeast)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the morphology of multicellular fungi do?

A

Enhances their ability to absorb nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is fungi’s hyphae divied?

A

Usually divided into cells by the septa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is septa?

A

A septate hypha that has a cell wall, septum, pores, and nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is coenocytic fungi?

A

Fungi that lacks septa and has a continuous cytoplasmic mass with hundreds or thousands of nuclei

  • only has a cell wall and nuclei
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is ectomycorrhizal fungi?

A

Fungi that forms sheaths of hyphae over a root and also grow into the extracellular spaces of the root cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?

A

Fungi that extends hyphae through the cell walls of root cells and into tubes formed by invagination of the root cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does mycorrhizal fungi give to plants?

A

Gives it phosphate ions and minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is plasmogamy?

A

fusion of cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is karyogamy?

A

fusion of nuclei that produces a zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is heterokaryotic stage?

A

A stage that happens between the plasmogamy and karyogamy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does fungi use pheromones (signaling molecules) for?

A

To communicate their mating type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heterokaryon

A

Haploid nuclei from each parent that don’t fuse right away; coexists in the mycelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dikaryotic

A

Haploid nuclei pair of two to a cell; also known as mycelium

17
Q

What happens during karyogamy?

A

Haploid nuclei fuse which produces diploid cells

The diploid cells then undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores

18
Q

Deuteromycetes

A

Molds and yeasts that have no known sexual stage

19
Q

What is the ancestor of fungi?

A

An aquatic, single-celled flagellated protists

Most closely related to multicellular nucleariids

20
Q

Chystrids

A

Found in terrestrial, freshwater habitats that includes hydrothermal vents; unique due to having flagellated spores (zoospores)

21
Q

Zygomycetes

A

Exhibit great diversity of life histories that includes fast growing molds and parasites

Example: black bread mold (“Rhizopus stolonifer”)

22
Q

Important features of zygomycetes

A

Named for their sexually produced zygosporangia

  • resistant to freezing and drying, can survive unfavorable conditions
23
Q

Mycosis

A

General term for a fungal infection in animals

24
Q

Practical uses of fungi

A
  • Making cheese
  • alcoholic beverages
  • Bread
  • Antibiotics
25
Q

Basidiomycetes

A

Includes mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi

  • some form mycorrhizal while others form plant parasites
25
Q

Basidiospores

A

Numerous basidia in a basidiocarp are sources of the sexual spores

25
Q

What are some roles of fungi?

A
  • decomposers
  • mutualists
25
Q

Are fungi parasites?

A

Yes, some of them are and can be toxic to humans

26
Q

Baridium?

A

Transient diploid stage in the life cycle that’s a clublike structure

  • phylum is defined by this
26
Q

What are conidia

A

Asexual spores that ascomycetes can reproduce

26
Q

Basidiocarps

A

Elaborate fruiting bodies produced by mycelium that reproduce sexuually

examoke: mushrooms

26
Q

Glomeromycetes

A

Classified in a separate clade but once were considered zygomycetes

  • forms arbuscular mycorrhizae
26
Q

Ascomycetes

A

Lives in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats

  • called sac fungi

-produce sexual spores in saclike asci

27
Q

Endophytes

A

Fungi that lives inside leaves or other plant parts

28
Q

Fungi-animal mutualism

A

fungi share their digestive services with animals by helping to break down food material

29
Q

Lichen

A

A symbiotic association b/w a photosynthetic microogranism and a fungus

30
Q

Soredia

A

Small clusters of hyphae w/ embedded algae

Biology (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions