Chapter 22 Descent with Modification Flashcards
Who was the found of taxonomy?
Carulus Linnaeus
What is the strata?
Layers found in sedimentary rock
What is paleontology?
Study of fossils’ developed by French scientist Georges Cuvier
What is Lamarck’s Hypothesis of Evolution?
Hypothesized that species evolved through use and sius of body parts and herited acquired characteristics
What is adaptation?
Species adapting and/or making changes to better fit their environment
What is natural selection?
Process in which individuals with favorable inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
What 3 broad observations did the origin of species explain?
- unity of life
- diversity of life
- match b/w organisms and their environment
What is the descent with modification phase?
Phase that refers to the view that all organisms are related thru descent from an ancestor that lived in the remote past
What is artificial selection?
Modification of other species by selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits
What is an important note to make about individuals and populations?
Individuals do not evolve but populations evolve
What is an inference about evolution?
Individuals that are able to successfully reproduce and survive are more likely to become dominant; resulting in their traits becoming desirable
What is homology?
Similarities b/w species due to a common ancestor
What is comparative embryology?
Reveals anatomical similarities not visible in adult organisms
What is vestigial structure?
Remnants of features that served important functions in the organism’s structure
What is an evolutionary tree?
Hypothesis about the relationship among organisms
What is convergent evolution?
Evolution of similar or analogous features in distantly related groups?
What is analogous traits?
Traits that are independently adapted to based on similar environment in similar ways
What does the fossil record provide evidence of?
Evidence of important transitions such as the move from sea to land
What are endemic species?
Species that aren’t found anywhere else in the world
What is biogeography?
Scientific study of the geographic distribution of species; provides evidence of evolution
