Chapter 18.2 The Cold War Heats Up Flashcards
For 2 decades, what happened in China?
Communists struggled against the nationalist govt- who the US sent 3 billion to
Who was the leader of the Chinese nationalists
Chiang Kai-Shek
What was the nationalist government like
It was very corrupt
What did Chiangs policies undermine
Nationalist support
Who were the Communists led by?
Mao Zedong
How did Mao gain communist support
He appealed to peasants by encouraging them to improve food production and learn to read
By 1945, who controlled the north of china
the communists
After the Japanese left, what happened
A civil war broke out
Who did the Americans support
The nationalists
HOw much did the US send
2 billion but the could not negotiate peace
Where did Chiangs army go
Taiwan
What was the new government called
The people’s republic of China
How did the US citizens react
They were stunned
What did the State department say
That what happened in China was the result of internal forces
What was the significant of the 38th parallel
It was where the divided Japanese Soldiers surrendered to the Soviets and the Us- so it became Noth and South Korea, each under us and soviets
North Korea
Communist
The US withdrawal of troops showed the soviets what
They would not fight to defend South Korea
ON June 25th, 1950 what did North Korea do?
They swept over the 38th parallel in a surprise attack
Within a few days, what happened?
Deep in South Korea, the North Koreans penetrated
South Korea called on teh UN to stop the invasion, but…
The Soviets who were boycoting Taiwan were not there so the vote passed
On June 27th,
Truman sent troops and a fleet between Taiwan and China
How many troops were sent overall
520,000
Who was going to command the troops
Douglas MacArthur
What was MacArthur’s counterattack
Landed behind enemy lines
Drove enemy up from Pusan
UN started moving toward Chinese Boarder
What did the Chinese Forces do?
Fought Back
Why did China fight back
They wanted NK as a buffer zone
What did the Chinese do?
Dove forces by sheer force back and captured Seoul
How long did troops fight
2 years
IN early 1951, MacArthur recommended what?
Attacking china
Why did Truman refuse to attack China
Because they had a pact with the USSR and it could set of WW3
By April 1951, what happened
The fighting was no use
What did MacArthur do?
Urge full Scale war against China
MacArthur’s superiors informed him to stop then..
Truman fired him
How did Americans take the firing of MacArthur
They were shocked, but they soon thoguht that truman was right.
How did the Korean War end?
In a Stalemate
