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SocialStudies > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Even though there were prosperous times in the 1920s, what industries struggled?

A

Railroad, textile, housing, banks, coal, lumber, automobile.

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2
Q

Why did so many industries struggle?

A

Because there was superficial prosperity and new industries ended up pushing people out of business

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3
Q

What industry suffered the most?

A

Farming

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4
Q

Why did farming struggle?

A

Because farmers had planted too much because during WWI when there was a huge demand for crops. Now, that there was not such of demand for crops, farmers could not pay back the loans that they took out for the land. Farmers began to default on their loans. Rural banks began to fail

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5
Q

Price Supports

A

key products such as wheat, corn, cotton, and tobacco. The gov. would biy supplies at guarenteed prices and sell them on the world market

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6
Q

What did President Coolidge do about the price supports:

A

He vetoed the bill saying that farmers had never made money anyway.

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7
Q

What was one problem with consumers

A

They were buying less and less

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8
Q

Why were Americans buying less and less?

A

Because the prices were rising.

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9
Q

Credit:

A

People bought goods, promising to pay it back later. By offering credit systems, businesses encouraged them to pile on large amounts of debt.

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10
Q

What happened to wealth distribution during the 1920s.

A

The rich got richer and the poor got poorer. More then 70% of the families got 2500 durign the whole year. The income was dripping

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11
Q

Who won the election of 1928? What was the reason for the vote?

A

Herbert Hoover beat Alfred A. Smith. He said that this was because people had lived under Republican prosperity for years.

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12
Q

What was the Dow Jones Industrial Average?

A

It basically measured the healthiness of the stock market. It did this by taking an average of 30 influential stocks prices.

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13
Q

Speculation

A

risky business ventures, such as investment in the stock market. Just to make a quick profit

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14
Q

Buying on marginL

A

Paying a small percentage of a stocks price as a down payment and borrowing the rest.

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15
Q

When the stock market declined, people could not pay back their loans

A
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16
Q

In what year and what month did stock markets start dwindling

A

1929 September

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17
Q

On what day in October did stock prices fall?

A

Oct. 24

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18
Q

What was the Great Depression?

A

The period in which the economy plummeted and unemployment sckyrocketed

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19
Q

After the crash, what did people do?

A

They panicked and took all of their money out of the bank. Unemployment leaped and businesses had to file for bank ruptcy

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20
Q

The United States was/was not the only country gripped by the great depression

A

was not

21
Q

What was the Hawley Smoot Tariff

A

it raised tariffs on imported goods so much. It also dropped trade by 40%

22
Q

What were the causes of the Great Depression?

A
  • Tariffs and war debt policies that cut down foreign market s for American goods
  • A crisis in the farm sector
  • the availability of easy credit
  • an unequal distribution of income
23
Q

What happened to people in the cities?

A

People lsot their jobs and were evicted from their homes and ended up in the streets. Some slept in parks or sewer pipes, wrapping themselves in newspapers to fend of the cold

24
Q

Shanty Towns?

A

Litte towns consisting of shacks sprang up.

25
Q

Soup Kitchens and Bread Lines

A

Lines of people wating to get free or reduced food

26
Q

Conditions for what ethnic groups were tough?

A

African Americans and Latinos (deportation)

27
Q

What was one advantage of rural farming?

A

They could grow food. But most farms were lost through foreclosure

28
Q

What was the dust bowl

A

Huge dust storms in the Great Plains because of overfarming.

29
Q

What was a source of strength for Americans?

A

Their family

30
Q

How did people entertain themselves

A

board games

31
Q

Which gender had a lot of problems

A

males had problems finding jobs. Some abandoned their families and became hoboes

32
Q

What was direct relief?

A

Cash payment or food provided by the government to the poor

33
Q

What women do?

A

They sufferend because the could not work. Some starved and others could not find work because they were married

34
Q

What happened to Children?

A

They had many diseases, also, they did not have enough education, Lastly, some just hoped on the trains and left

35
Q

What were some social and psycological effects from the Great Depressions

A

Stop dreams, stop going to the doctor and give up dreams of life

36
Q

After the stock market crash, what did Hoover reassure to Americans>

A

The worst was over, and they should remain optinistic

37
Q

Hoover believed that one of governments chief functions was to foster coorperation between competing groups and interests in society.

A
38
Q

What did Hoover do after the crash?

A

He approached key leaders of business and banking and labor. He urgerd themt owork together to find a solutions,. He also hoped that employers would bee good to employees

39
Q

What was the Boulder Dam?

A

Dam used to make electircity, and make an agreement of the water rights on the colorodo river. In 1929, nearly one year into the presidency, he made the dam.

40
Q

Which party won the election of 1916 and why?

A

Democrats, because Hoover was not doing anything. The people made sure Hoover heard their point by burning fields and naming bad things after him

41
Q

Who did Hoover back?

A

Cooperatives. He tried to end the depression by negotiating deals among private people. He wanted to establish the National Credit Coorperation which loaned money to small banks

42
Q

Federal Home Loan Bank Act

A

lowered mortage rates for homeowners and allowed farmers to refinace their farms and avoid forclosure

43
Q

Glass Steagall Banking At

A

Seperated investment from the commercial banking world

44
Q

Reconstuction Finance Corporation

A

authorized up to 2 billion for emergency financing for banks, life insurance, railroads, and other large businesses. All approachs failed

45
Q

What was the Bonus Army?

A

It was an army of WWI vets that wanted their raise

46
Q

The Patman Bill

A

The Patman Bill authorized the gov. to pay a bonus by 1945

47
Q

What Hoover think of the Bonus Marches

A

They were communists and should be disbanded with force.

48
Q
A

SocialStudies (46 decks)

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