Chapter 18.1 Origins of the Cold War Flashcards
What were the differences between the US and USSR
They both had very different ambitions
Under Soviet communism, what happened
State controlled all property and economic activity
Under capitalistic America, what happened
Private citizens controlled economic activity. There were competing political parties vs. communisty party in a totalitarian govt.
Why was the US mad at the USSR and vice versa
US: Stalin had been an ally of Hitler,
USSR: Delay in counterattack, secret of atomic bomb
What was the United Nations?
Formed on April 25, 1945, 50 nations met in San Francisco, June 26, 1945 it was established
How did the US and UssR use the un
To spread their influence
Who was a key figure in the US during the Cold War
Harry Truman
What was the issue with Truman
Not many knew what he could do, but he was honest
Who met at Potsdam
The Us GB, and USSR
Who were the different leaders at Potsdam
Truman replaced FDR, Clement Attlee replaced churchill who lost the election
At Yalta, what did Stalin promise Roosevelt?
He would allow free elections and secret ballets, but he didn’t
What did Stalin’s refusal to allow free elections in Poland show Truman
He would have to create a new wolrd
At the Yalta conference, the Soviets wanted to take reparations fro Germany. How did Truman react now
he objected
After the barganning at Potsdam, what was agreed
The Soviets, British, Americans, and French would take reparations from their occupation zones
What did Truman Feel
That the US had to spread democracy. They wanted access to east European goods so that htey could sell there
Where did Stalin organize communist governments
Albania, BUlgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary
What were satellite nations
Countries dominated by the soviet union
In early 1946, what did Stalin announce?
That communism and capitalism were incompatible and another war was inevitable
In Feb 1946, George F. Keenan and Truman proposed what?
Containment: or taking measures to prevent any extension of communist rule in other countries
What two political regions was Europe divided into
Western Europe and Eastern Europe
What was the iron curtain
The term used to describe the division of Europe
What was the Cold War,
The conflicting Us and Soviet aims in Eastern Europe
What countries did the US first try to contain
Greece and Turkey
What was Britain doing for Greece and Turkey
Financially supporting them, But, they could not do it anymore, so the asked the US to do so
What was the Truman Doctorine
The policy of the US to support free people who are resisting communist rule by armed monorities or outside pressures
How much didt eh US spend wiht the Truman Doctorine
400 million
In June 1947 the secretary of State Geroge Marshall proposed what?
That the US provide aid to all European countries who needed it
How was germany divided
Into four occupation zones
Although the powers had the right to unify the zones they had no written agreement to guarentee free acces to he city by road or rail (Berlin) What did Stalin do/
He closed all the highways and rails there
What was the Berlin Airlift
When the Soviets closed the roads, the US sent supplies to WB-327 planes took off and landed every couple of numutes
What is west and east Germany called
Federal Republic of Germany
German Democratic Republic
What European countries joined together
Belgium, Denmark, France, GB, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, US and Canada
What did the NATO alliance stand for
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
What was the Agreement with Nato
that countries pledged military support
