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SocialStudies > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Fourteen Points

A

A speech given by Woodrow Wilson that addressed the following points: No secret treaties between countries, freedom of the seas, no economic barriers, countries should support their colonies, and violence should be limited. It also addressed 8 points about boarder changes. Lastly, it proposed a League of Nations. “Congress rejected the 14 point plan because it would make America come into European affairs.”

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3
Q

League of Nations:

A
  1. An international organization that let nations settle their differences peacefully. “The League of Nations was a prelude to the new United Nations.”
  2. Georges Clemenceau: The French premier. “He hated the invasion of France and was determined to avenge it.”
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4
Q

David Llyod George:

A

The British Prime Minister: “He ran for office by promising to Make Germany Pay”

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5
Q

The Treaty of Versailles:

A

Established 9 new nations and set new boarders It was an agreement between the countries (Germany was forced to sign) and it formally settled the war.. “The Ottoman Empire was carved up into 5 mandates.”

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6
Q

Reparations:

A

Damages. “Germany had to pay 33 billion in damage to the Allies.”

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7
Q

War guilt clause

A

Admitting sole responsibility for the war. “The war-guilt clause on Germany humiliated them”

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8
Q

Henry Cabot Lodge

A

1.Senator who opposed the 14 point plan. “Henry Cabot Lodge wanted the right for Congress to declare war in the plan.”

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9
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nationalism

A

extreme pride for one’s nation

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10
Q

militarism

A

the development of military arms to use as a tool of diplomacy

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11
Q

Imperialism

A

the intention to expand one’s territory as well as military and economy

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12
Q

The formation of alliances

A

A formal agreement between countries that agrees to keep peace and help eachother out in emergencies.

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13
Q

Allied Powers

A

France, Britain, Russia (for sometime), and USA

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14
Q

Central Powers

A

Germany, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Italy (for some time before they switched over)

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15
Q

Why did Franz Ferdinand go to Bosnia?

A

1.Came to Bosnia to make peace, was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist, leads Austria Hungary to declare war.

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16
Q

The Archduke is assassinated. The Alliance System plays a part.

A

Because Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia came in, which brought everyone else in.

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17
Q

Who was the Archduke assisinated by?

A

Gavrilo Princip

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18
Q

Trench Warfare

A
  1. These holes in the ground that soldiers would fight in. There was disease, and vermin.
  2. 25 yd. With barbed wire, and pocket marks, it was dangerous.
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19
Q

What were some examples of opinions on war in America

A
  1. War was evil US should not engage in it, America should not send their sons, This was a family conflict.
  2. Strong Economic ties with the Allies, Pity for Great Britain, immigrants have ties to their country.
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20
Q

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

A

Holding against russia, combined with a quick drive through Beligium to Paris where they would defeat the french. Then Defeat Russia

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21
Q

As they were unable to save Belgium, what did the Allies do?

A

They retreated to the Marne River where they halted Germany’s attack

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22
Q

How did socialists view the war?

A

they saw the war as a capitalist and imperialist struggle between Germany and England

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23
Q

What did many American born Americans feel about the war?

A

They felt close ancestry to he British.

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24
Q

Why were America’s ties stronger with the Allies then with the Central Powers?

A

Because of the economic ties. They traded much more with them

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25
Q

What was he British Blockade?

A

The Brits blocked the German boarder preventing food and supplies from getting it in.

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26
Q

What were the results of the British Blockade?

A

It prevented American Ships that were carrying goods to get there.

Caused famine in Germany

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27
Q

How did Germany respond to the t Blockade?

A

They made U Boats. Any British or Allied ship found in the waters around Britain would be sunk. It would not always be possible to warn crews about it.

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28
Q

What was the Lusitania?

A

It was a passenger ship at the Southern Coast of Ireland that was sunk by the U- Boats. It carried 128 Americans

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29
Q

What were some other ships that Germany sunk?

A

The Arabic and Sussex

The US warned that they would break off diplomatic relations with Germany. The Germans agreed to stop the attacks, they said that the US had to stop the British Blockade.

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30
Q

Who won the 1916 Election. With what slogan?

A

Woodrow Wilson won the election with the slogan “Keep Us Out of War”

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31
Q

Zimmerman Note:

A

Germany’s foreign minister sent a note to Mexico, telling them to join with Germany so that they could reclaim lost territory. It was intercepted by the British

32
Q

Germany sunk 4 unarmed American merchant ships

A
33
Q

Russia became a communist government

A

US could claim that the war was now a battle for diplomacy

34
Q

America declared war on

A

April 2, 1917

35
Q

Eddie Rickenbacker

A

A famous fighter pilot of WWI. He

36
Q

How many men were in sevice when war was declared?

A

Only 200,000 men were in service

37
Q

Selective Service Act

A

Passed in 1917, Required Men to register with the government in order to be randomly selected for military service

38
Q

By the end of 1918, how many men had registered?

A

24 million

39
Q

Most of the inductees had not:

A

attended high school and 1/5 was foreign born

40
Q
A
41
Q

What was the all black regiment called?

A

the 369th Infantary Regiment

42
Q

How did the United States expand the fleet?

A
  1. Exempted many shipyard workers from the draft and others defferd classification
  2. US Chamber of Commerce joined in a public relations campaign to emphasize the importance of shipyard workers.
  3. Urged automobile workers to give shipyard workers rides.
  4. They used prefabrication techniques
43
Q

Admiral Wiliam S. Sims convinced the british to try Convoy Systems. What were they>

A

Merchant ships that were escorted by a heavy guard of destroyers

44
Q

The US Navy also helped lay a 230 mile barrier of mines across the North Sea from Scotland to Norway. What was this designed to do?

A

Bottle up U-Boats that sailed from German pors and kept them out of the ocean

45
Q

What was one main contributer that helped to keep the Allied Froces up?

A

The Americans enthusiasm

46
Q

The American Expeditionary Force was led by

A

General John J. Pershing

47
Q

What did the AEF include?

A

American infantrymen

48
Q

What were American Infantrymen called?

A

Doughboys because of the white belts they wore that were cleaned with pipe clay

49
Q

What were some new weapons?

A
  • Machine Gun
  • Tank
  • Airplane
  • Airplanes that could carry bombs
  • Observation Balloons
50
Q

While fighting, what were men surrounded by?

A

Tanks, filth, lice, rats,, and polluted water

51
Q

What was shell shock?

A

A term coined durign World War I to describe a complete emotional collapse from which many neer recovered

52
Q

What were some common diseases?

A

Trench Foot, and trench mouth

53
Q

When Russia pulled out of the war in 1917, the Germans shifted their armies from eastern front to where

A

To France

54
Q

Who was Alivin York

A

He was a conscientious objector. He decided that it was acceptable to fight if the cause was just. He killed 25 Germans with a rile and revolver

55
Q

What happened on 11/3/1918

A

Austria Hungary surrendered and Germans turned against their government

56
Q

What were some statistics of World War I?

A

It was the bloodiest war in history with 22 millian. Also, there was outbraks of desease and it cost 338 billion

57
Q

Why was Wilson given more power during WWI?

A

Because it was such an immense conflict, the entire economu had to be refocused on it. So. that meant that it was easier to leave the job to one person

58
Q

What was the War Industries Board?

A

It was established in 1917 and encouraged companies to use efficient mass production, eliminate waste, and standardize products.

59
Q

Who was the head of the War industries Board?

A

Bernard M. Baruch

60
Q

What did the Railroad Industry do>

A

Controlled th erailroads, as teh fuel administration monitered the coal supplies and rationed gas.

61
Q

During the war, what happened to wages?

A

They rose in most industries. Stock holders saw enormous profits (DuPont company saw the it multiply by 1600 percent

62
Q

What were some bad conditions though?

A

Child labor and working hours were sped up. Unions boomed

63
Q

What was the National War Labor Board

A

To deal with disputes between management and labor. Workers who refused to obey board devisions could loose their draft exemptions

64
Q

Wilson set up what?

A

The food Administration under Herbert Hoover. Instead of rationing food, he called for people to follow gospel of a clean plate.

65
Q

What did homeowners plant

A

victory gardens

66
Q

How much did the US spend?

A

35.5 billion on war effort

67
Q

How did the government raise money?

A

Progressive income tax, taxes on tobacco, liquor, and luxury goods. They also sold bonds.

68
Q

What did the US to do popularize the war?

A

Propoganda, a biased information. They set up the Committee on Public Information

69
Q

Who was the head of the comittee?

A

George Creel

70
Q

What happened when war was declared?

A

the main target of these attacks became immigrants.

71
Q

What were the Espionage and Sedition acts?

A

A person could be fined up to 10,000$ for saying anything bad about the government. It violated the 1st amendment and targeted socialists

72
Q

Did african americans support the war?>

A

Some did

73
Q

Great Migration

A

The large scale movement of African Americans. They wanted to escape descrimination and also get work

74
Q

What did women do during the war?

A

They moved into jobs that had been exclusively held by me. They also did traditional jobs

75
Q

What was one huge crisis?

A

The flu epidemic.

76
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A

SocialStudies (46 decks)

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