Chapter 17: Greek Prefixes 2 (words)

Question 1

sympathy (sym-path-y)

Answer 1

sym = with, together
path = disease, suffering, feeling
an influence produced in any organ by a disease, disorder, or other change in another part

Question 2

endoscope (endo-scope)

Answer 2

endo = within, inner
scop = to look at, to view
an instrument for the examination of a body cavity or hollow viscus

Question 3

hypodermic (hypo-derm-ic)

Answer 3

hypo = below, deficient, less than normal
derm = skin
beneath the skin

Question 4

metabolism (meta-bol-ism)

Answer 4

meta = after, change, transfer
bol = to throw, to put
the chemical processes by which substances are transformed in an organism (including anabolism and catabolism)

Question 5

paralysis (para-lys-is)

Answer 5

para = beside, resembling, disordered
lys = to loosen, to dissolve
loss or impairment of motor function in a part due to lesion of the neural or muscular mechanism

Question 6

anatomy (ana-tom-y)

Answer 6

ana = up, back, again
tom = to cut
the science of the structure of the body and the relation of its parts

Question 7

apathy (a-path-y)

Answer 7

a = not, without
path = disease, suffering, feeling
lack of feeling or emotion; indifference

Question 8

entomology (en-tom-ology)

Answer 8

en = in, into, inward
tom = to cut
the branch of zoology dealing with insects

Question 9

catabolic (cata-bol-ic)

Answer 9

cata = down, against, according to
bol = to throw, to put
having to do with the process by which an organism breaks down material to produce energy

Question 10

epiphytic (epi-phyt-ic)

Answer 10

epi = upon, on, to, in addition to
phyt = plant, growth
relating to the growth of one plant organism on another

Question 11

atom (a-tom)

Answer 11

a = not, without
tom = to cut
a particle originally thought to be “uncuttable”

Question 12

metastasis (meta-sta-sis)

Answer 12

meta = after, change, transfer
sta = to stand, to stop
movement from one location to another (esp. of disease)

Question 13

paranephric (para-nephr-ic)

Answer 13

para = beside, resembling, disordered
nephr = kidney
located beside the kidneys

Question 14

catalyst (cata-lyst)

Answer 14

cata = down, against, according to
lys = to loosen, to dissolve
a substance that increases the rate of a reaction

Question 15

hypotrophic (hypo-troph-ic)

Answer 15

hypo = below, deficient, less than normal
troph = nourishment
characterized by underformation or insufficient growth

Question 16

anabolic (ana-bol-ic)

Answer 16

ana = up, back, again
bol = to throw, to put
tending to build up or construct

Question 17

anhydrous (an-hydr-ous)

Answer 17

an = not, without
hydr = water, fluid
having no water

Question 18

symbiosis (sym-bi-osis)

Answer 18

sym = with, together
bi = life
mutually beneficial relationship of two organisms contributing to each other’s nourishment

Question 19

epidermis (epi-derm-is)

Answer 19

epi = upon, on, to, in addition to
derm = skin
the outer layer of skin

Question 20

atonia (a-ton-ia)

Answer 20

a = not, without
ton = stretching, tension
a condition of diminished tension (e.g. of a muscle)

Question 21

endoderm (endo-derm)

Answer 21

endo = within, inner
derm = skin
an inner lining or layer

Question 22

acephalous (a-cephal-ous)

Answer 22

a = not, without
cephal = head
having no head

Question 23

hypothalamus (hypo-thalam-us)

Answer 23

hypo = below, deficient, less than normal
thalam = chamber, room
part of the brain under the thalamus

Question 24

empathy (em-path-y)

Answer 24

em = in, into, inward
path = disease, suffering, feeling
the ability to understand another’s feelings

Question 25

cathode (cat-hode)

Answer 25

cat = down, against, according to a negative pole

Question 26

diagnosis (dia-gno-sis)

Answer 26

dia = through, across, between gno = to know determination of a diseased condition

Question 27

analgesic (an-alg-esic)

Answer 27

an = not, without alg = pain a substance that relieves pain

Question 28

metachromatic (meta-chromat-ic)

Answer 28

meta = after, change, transfer chromat = color related to a change in color

Question 29

systolic (sy-stol-ic)

Answer 29

sys = with, together stol = to send, to contract related to a rhythmical contraction

Question 30

synergy (syn-erg-y)

Answer 30

syn = with, together erg = work coordinated or cooperative action

Question 31

hypophysis (hypo-phy-sis)

Answer 31

hypo = below, deficient, less than normal phy = to grow the pituitary gland

Question 32

haptoglobin (hapt-o-glob-in)

Answer 32

hapt = to grasp, to fasten glob = sphere, lump a protein that "binds" free hemoglobin

Question 33

thyroid (thyr-oid)

Answer 33

thyr = shield shield-like structure (esp. of a gland or the cartilage in the throat)

Question 34

toxicology (tox-ic-olog-y)

Answer 34

tox = poison the science of poisons

Question 35

diastolic (dia-stol-ic)

Answer 35

dia = through, across, between stol = to send, to contract dilation or relaxation of the heart or an artery

Question 36

syzygy (sy-zyg-y)

Answer 36

sy = with, together zyg = yoke, joining a yoking together or joining (e.g. of two organisms)

Question 37

energy (en-erg-y)

Answer 37

en = in, into, inward erg = work power; vigor or intensity of action

Question 38

arrythmia (ar-rhythm-ia)

Answer 38

a = not, without rhythm = rhythm a lack of rhythm or regularity

Question 39

endocranial (endo-crani-al)

Answer 39

endo = within, inner crani = cranium related to the inner part of the skull

Question 40

metamorphosis (meta-morph-osis)

Answer 40

meta = after, change, transfer morph = form, shape a process of changing in form

Question 41

hypothyroidism (hyper-thyr-oidism)

Answer 41

hypo = below, deficient, less than normal thyr = shield a condition of decreased hormone production and metabolism

Question 42

dialysis (dia-lys-is)

Answer 42

dia = through, across, between lys = to loosen, to dissolve a process of removing soluble substances from a liquid by allowing them to pass through a membrane

Question 43

trophoblast (troph-o-blast)

Answer 43

troph = nourishment blast = embryonic cell a growth of cells allowing an embryo to receive nutrients

Question 44

antitoxin (anti-tox-in)

Answer 44

anti = against, opposite tox = poison an antibody that counteracts some harmful substance

Question 45

hypostasis (hypo-sta-sis)

Answer 45

hypo = below, deficient, less than normal sta = to stand, to stop poor or stagnant circulation of blood

Question 46

anabiosis (ana-bi-osis)

Answer 46

ana = up, back, again bi = life resuscitation, coming to life again

Question 47

catatonic (cata-ton-ic)

Answer 47

cata = down, against, according to ton = stretching, tension marked by reduced movement or activity

Question 48

endoplasm (endo-plasm)

Answer 48

endo = within, inner plas = to form, to mold the inner substance of a cell

Question 49

aphyllous (a-phyll-ous)

Answer 49

a = not, without phyll = leaf having no leaves

Question 50

metagenetic (meta-gene-tic)

Answer 50

meta = after, change, transfer gene = to be produced alternating between sexual and asexual reproduction

Question 51

endotoxin (endo-tox-in)

Answer 51

endo = within, inner tox = poison a poisonous substance contained within a bacterial cell

Question 52

prognosis (pro-gno-sis)

Answer 52

pro = before, in front of, forward gno = to know a forecast of a probable outcome for a patient

Question 53

synapse (syn-apse)

Answer 53

syn = with, together a joining together of two neurons or nerve cells

Question 54

metagastric (meta-gastr-ic)

Answer 54

meta = after, change, transfer gastr = stomach on the posterior end of the stomach

Question 55

endocrine (endo-crine)

Answer 55

endo = within, inner crin = to secrete relating to internal secretions