Ch 6.1 Composition and Functions of the Integument Flashcards
What is the epithelium layer of the integument called?
What is it made of ?
Epidermis
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
What are the layers of the epidermis from superficial too deep? What is a good pneumonic to remember the order?
Stratum cornium, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basal.
Pneumonic: Come lets get sun burned.
Which three layers have living keratinocytes?
Basal, spinosum, granulosum.
What’s another name for the stratum basal?
Stratum germinativum.
What are there three types of cells in the basal layer?
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, tactile cells.
What are the proteins called that are found inside keratinocytes?
Cytokeratins.
Melanocytes
Structure: Long and branching processes
Function: Produce and store melanin and spread it keratinocytes in stratum basal and sometimes more superficial layers.
Location: Throughout stratum basal
Melanosomes
Granules that store melanin.- Made by melanocytes.
What is another name for tactile cells?
Merkel Cells
Tactile cells
Scattered among stratum basal.
When compressed, they release chemicals that stimulate the sensory nerves.
Stratum spinosum
Just superficial to stratum basal. Contains epidermal dendritic cells which play a role in immunity. Has spine appearance in slides because the cytoskeletal elements of desmosomes remain attached during slide prep, but the rest of the cell shrinks.
What is the other name for epidermal dendritic cells?
Langerhans cells.
What do langerhans/ epidermal dendritic cells do?
They are phagocytic immune cells that fight infection that penetrates the more superficial layers of the epidermis.
How many layers of cells are in the granulosum layer?
3-5
Where does keratinization begin?
Stratum granulosum