Ch. 5.1 Tissues Organization

Question 1

Tissue

Answer 1

Groups of similar cells the work together towards a common function

Question 2

histology

Answer 2

the study of tissue

Question 3

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

Answer 3

Cover the bodies surface, lines body and organ cavities, and forms glands.

Question 4

Define cellularity as it relates to epithelial tissue

Answer 4

Tightly packed cells with minimal extracellular matrix.

Question 5

Polarity as it relates to epithelial cells

Answer 5

having an apical or basal surface

Question 6

Apical Surface

Answer 6

the side of epithelial cells that is exposed to the outside or some internal body space. these surfaces might have microvilli or cilia on them.

Question 7

Basal surface

Answer 7

Fixed surface that is attached to the basement membrane of connective tissue.

Question 8

What are the three parts of the basement membrane?

Answer 8

Lamina lucida, lamina densa, and reticular lamina. Only visible with an electron microscope.

Question 9

What are the three basement lanes made of?

Answer 9

Collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans.

Question 10

Avascularity

Answer 10

all epithelial tissue lacks blood vessels.

Question 11

How much nervous tissue does epithelial tissue have?

Answer 11

Lots!

Question 12

Stem cells- what do they do?

Answer 12

They are responsible for cell division at the base of epithelium, closest to the basement membrane. This cell division provides for the replacement cells necessary as the epithelium takes wake and tare on its apical surface.

Question 13

What makes up glands?

Answer 13

Epithelial cells. May be one cell, or a group of cells.

Question 14

what type of epithelial cells can be keratinized?

Answer 14

stratified squamous

Question 15

endothelium- composition and location

Answer 15

simple squamous epithelium- lines blood vessels and lymph vessels.

Question 16

mesothelium

Answer 16

simple squamous epithelium that forms the serous membranes of body cavities.

Question 17

endon

Answer 17

within

Question 18

mesos

Answer 18

middle

Question 19

attributes of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 19

Good for absorptive and secretary functions. Two types. Ciliated, and non-ciliated.

Question 20

Non-Ciliated simple columnar attributes

Answer 20

Have microvilli and often have some goblet cells.

Question 21

Define brush border

Answer 21

A bright fuzzy structure that is made up of microvilli and can only be seen under a microscope.

Question 22

musin

Answer 22

a glycoprotein secreted by goblet cells that forms mucus when hydrated.

Question 23

Where are non-ciliated columnar epithelium located?

Answer 23

The lining of the intestinal tracts and the stomach.

Question 24

where is simple squamous epithelium located?

Answer 24

Alveoli, lining of blood vessels, and serous membranes

Question 25

Where are serous membranes located? What do they secrete?

Answer 25

Coving body organs. They secrete serous fluid.

Question 26

Where are non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium located?

Answer 26

The linings of the mouth, part of the pharynx, part o of the larynx, the esophagus, the vagina, and the anus.

Question 27

What is generally the purpose of stratified cuboidal epithelium? What does it form?

Answer 27

Protection and secretion. | Forms tubes and ducts. (forms the walls of the ducts of most exocrine glands)

Question 28

Where is stratified columnar epithelium located? | What is its function?

Answer 28

Large ducts of salivary glands, conjunctiva, and segments of the male urethra. Function: To protect and secrete.

Question 29

Describe endocrine glands

Answer 29

lack ducts. Secrete hormones directly into the blood. | I.E. Thyroid and adrenal glands.

Question 30

Describe exocrine glands

Answer 30

Maintain connection with the epithelium by means of a duct. | Sweat glands, mammary glands, salivary glands.

Question 31

Describe unicellular exocrine glands and their body locations

Answer 31

Usually ductless Located close to the surface of the epithelium they reside in. Most common type is the goblet cell Found in simple columnar epithelium and pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 32

Describe multicellular exocrine glands and their body locations

Answer 32

Gland often consists fo acini. These acini have ducts that connect to form a larger duct and transport secretions the surface of the epithelial tissue. Often surrounded by a fibrous capsule. Portions of the capsule called septa partition these glands into lobes.

Question 33

Define acini

Answer 33

clusters of cells in exocrine glands that produce secretions and one or more smaller ducts.

Question 34

define acinus

Answer 34

grapes

Question 35

Merocrine

Answer 35

Glands that pack their secretions into vesicles and secrete them through exocytosis. I.E. Tear glands, salivary glands, sweat glands, pancreatic glands, and stomach glands

Question 36

Meros

Answer 36

share

Question 37

Apocrine

Answer 37

Secretion occurs when apical surface of cells pinch off and release cytoplasmic contents. I.E. Mammary glands and ceruminous glands of the ear

Question 38

Apo

Answer 38

away from, off

Question 39

Halocrine

Answer 39

Cells that accumulate a product and then disintegrate. | I.E. Sebacious (oil producing cells of the skin) glands

Question 40

Holos

Answer 40

whole