1
Q
trace elements
A
iron, iodine, and copper
2
Q
atom
A
the smallest unit of life
3
Q
3 subatomic particles
A
protons(posotive in the middle),neutrons(nuetral in the middle), and electrons(outside and are (-))
4
Q
isotopes
A
different neutrons of an element
5
Q
chemical bonds
A
ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds
6
Q
ionic bonds
A
electrons are transferred
7
Q
nonpolar
A
equal sharing
AP Biology
flashcards
Decks in class (62)
# Cards
-
Ch 1: Chem stuff7
-
Ch 2: Water and Life38
-
Concept 3.1: Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms21
-
3.2: Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers7
-
3.3: Carbohydrates Serve as fuel and building material16
-
3.4: Lipids are a diverse group of a hydrophobic molecule19
-
3.5: Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions18
-
3.6: Nucleic Acids11
-
Ch 4: Organelles19
-
5.1: Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins17
-
5.2: Membrane structure results in selectrive permeability4
-
5.3: Passive transport is diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy investment29
-
5.4: Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradient11
-
5.5: Bulk transport across the plasma membrane occurse by exocytosis and endocytosis7
-
5.6: The plasma membrane plays a key role in most cell signaling52
-
6.1: An organism's metabolism transforms matter and energy26
-
6.2: The free-energy change of a reaction tells us whether or not the reaction occurs spontaneously7
-
6.3: ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions10
-
6.4: Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers25
-
6.5: Regulation of enzyme activity helps control metabolism7
-
7.5: Fermentation and anaerobic respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen12
-
7.6: Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways4
-
8.1: Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food14
-
8.2: The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH27
-
8.3: The Calvin cycle used the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to sugar9
-
8.4: Life depends on photosynthesis1
-
9.1: Most cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells15
-
9.2: The mitotic phase alternates with interphase in the cell cycle29
-
9.3: The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system31
-
10.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes7
-
10.2: Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles18
-
10.3: Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes sets from diploid to haploid15
-
10.4: Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to the evolution6
-
11.1: Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance27
-
11.2: Probability laws govern Mendelian inheritance1
-
11.3: Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics12
-
11.4: Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of inheritance11
-
12.1: Morgan showed that Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes: Scientific inquiry6
-
12.2: Sex-linked genes exhibit unique patterns of inheritance12
-
12.3: Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are relocated near each other on the same chromosome8
-
12.4: Alternations of chromosome number or structure cause some genetic disorders16
-
13.1: Expression16
-
13.2: Many proteins work together in DNA replication and repair29
-
13.3: A chromosome consists of a DNA molecule packed together with proteins4
-
13.4: Expression20
-
14.1: Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation21
-
14.2: Transcription is the DNA directed synthesis of RNA: A Closer Look15
-
14.3: Eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription11
-
14.4: Translation is the RNA-directed synthesis of a polypeptide: A Closer Look20
-
14.5: Mutations of one or a few nucleotides can affect protein structure and function5
-
Ch 15: Regulation of Gene Expression61
-
Ch 17: Expression19
-
ch 19: Natural Selection37
-
ch 20: Natural Selection40
-
ch 21: Natural Selection31
-
ch 22: Natural Selection23
-
ch 23: Natural Selection32
-
Ch 39: Ecology44
-
Ch 40: Ecology51
-
Ch 41: Ecology43
-
Ch 42: Ecology35
-
Pig41
