6.1: An organism's metabolism transforms matter and energy

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

the totality of an organism’s chemical reactions, energy-consuming and releasing process

Question 2

metabolic pathway

Answer 2

where a singular molecule is changed through a series of reactions until it becomes a product

Question 3

What carries the molecule onto the next step for a metabolic pathway

Answer 3

Enzymes help the molecules reach every step

Question 4

catabolic pathways with example

Answer 4

where complex molecules are broken down into simpler compounds, cellular respiration is a common example of this where it breaks down things like glucose and oxygen

Question 5

anabolic pathways with example

Answer 5

consume energy to build complicated molecules, also known as biosynthetic pathways, photosynthesis converts light into a larger molecule

Question 6

how can catabolic pathways and anabolic pathways use each other to start?

Answer 6

bioenergetics: the study of how energy flows through living organisms

Question 7

bioenergetics

Answer 7

the study of how energy flows through living organisms

Question 8

Energy

Answer 8

is the capacity to cause change

Question 9

How is energy changed from form to form?

Answer 9

energy exists in many forms, it is the cells job to transform energy from one form to another in our body

Question 10

kinetic energy

Answer 10

energy associated with the relative motion of objects

Question 11

thermal energy

Answer 11

the kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms

Question 12

heat

Answer 12

thermal energy in transfer from one object to another(rapidly transfers)

Question 13

potential energy

Answer 13

where there is energy that is not kinetic(doesn’t move)

Question 14

chemical energy

Answer 14

potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction

Question 15

How can chemical energy be released?

Answer 15

chemical energy is the energy released by the breakage of bonds of catabolic pathways

Question 16

thermodynamics

Answer 16

the study of the energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter

Question 17

system

Answer 17

the matter that can be affected by outside energy

Question 18

surroundings

Answer 18

the surrounding energy

Question 19

isolated system

Answer 19

the system does not interact with its surroundings

Question 20

open system

Answer 20

the system does interact with its surroundings

Question 21

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 21

Energy can be transferred and transformed, can not be created or destroyed, the principle of conservation of energy

Question 22

when is thermal energy actually used?

Answer 22

when it is warming things up that are cold

Question 23

entropy

Answer 23

a measure of molecular disorder, more disorder = more entropy

Question 24

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 24

every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe(regardless of the type of pathway), For a process to occur spontaneously, must increase the entropy of the universe

Question 25

spontaneous process

Answer 25

where a process leads to an increase in entropy, that process then proceeds without the need for energy

Question 26

How does energy flow in and out of a system

Answer 26

flows in as chemical energy and out as heat