12.2: Sex-linked genes exhibit unique patterns of inheritance

Question 1

What is sex determined by?

Answer 1

Sex is determined by chromosomes

Question 2

How are sperms and ovaries split?

Answer 2

44 sperms(split by X and Y) and 22 ovaries

Question 3

SRY

Answer 3

sex-determining region of Y(gonads develops testes), if it is absent, ovaries for even in an XY

Question 4

sex-linked genes

Answer 4

A Gene located on either chromosome

Question 5

X/Y linked genes

Answer 5

Genes for that specific chromosomes, very few are on the Y

Question 6

WNT4

Answer 6

develops ovary, if the surplus amount on XY embryos, they grow ovaries instead of testes

Question 7

hemizygous

Answer 7

only one allele, semi genotype, XY

Question 8

Duchenne muscular dystrophy, males

Answer 8

the lack of a key muscular protein called dystrophin, causes the chronic weakening of muscles, very specific to a locus on the X chromosome

Question 9

Hemophilia, males

Answer 9

X linked and is an absence of proteins needed for blood clotting, cuts can lead to bleeding out

Question 10

What happens during early embryonic development in females?

Answer 10

During early embryonic development for females, almost all the X chromosomes are inactivated

Question 11

Barr body

Answer 11

a condensed form of an inactivated X chromosome, are reactivated in the ovaries and in the ovaries only, resulting in gametes with X chromosomes

Question 12

Mosaicism

Answer 12

Cells independently inactivate chromosomes, half will express one allele while the others express another allele