Additional ANS Flashcards
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the radial muscle of the eye? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 1, contraction/mydriasis
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found arterioles? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 1, contraction/increase TPR
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found in veins? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 1, contraction/increase venous return
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the bladder and trigone sphincter? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 1, contraction/urinary retention
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found in the penis for ejaculation? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 1, ejaculation
What are the two types of adrenergic receptors found on the liver? What are the effects they produce?
alpha 1, and beta 2 glycogenolysis
What are the two types of adrenergic receptors found on the kidney? What are the effects they produce?
alpha 1 and beta 1
alpha 1 decreases renin
Beta 1 increases renin
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on prejunctional nerve terminals?? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 2, decrease transmitter release
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on plratelets? What is the effect it produces?
alpha 2, aggregation
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the SA node? What is the effect it produces?
beta 1, Increase HR
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the AV node? What is the effect it produces?
beta 1, Increases conduction velocity
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the atrial and ventricular muscles? What is the effect it produces?
beta 1, Increase contraction
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on purkinje fibers? What is the effect it produces?
beta 1, increase automaticity
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on ALL blood vessels? What is the effect it produces?
Beta 2, vasodilation
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the uterus? What is the effect it produces?
Beta 2, relaxation
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on bronchioles? What is the effect it produces?
beta 2, dilation
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the skeletal muscle? What is the effect it produces?
Beta 2, glycogenolysis
What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the pancreas? What is the effect it produces?
Beta 2, insulin secretion
What is the effect of the D1 receptor on the kidneys?
vasodilation/ increase GFR
What is the adrenergic receptor on the radial muscle of the eye?
alpha 1
What is the muscarinic receptor on the sphincter (constrictor) muscle of the eye?
M3
What is the muscarinic receptor on the ciliary muscle of the eye? Adrenergic?
M3 and beta 2
What are the adrenergic receptors on the ciliary body of the eye?
beta 1 and beta 2
What are the adrenergic/muscarinic receptors that utilize the Gi protein?
M2, alpha 2, D2
What are the adrenergic/muscarinic receptors that utilize the Gq protein?
H1, alpa 1, V1, M1, M3
What are the adrenergic/muscarinic receptors that utilize the Gs protein?
Beta 1, 2, M2, D1, H2, V2
What are the adrenergic receptors that serve as targets for the treatment of glaucoma?
Beta 1 and 2
What is the effect of alpha 1 on blood vessels? Beta 2?
alpha 1 = vasoconstriction
Beta 2 = vasodilation
To treat asthma, which receptor would you want to stimulate?
beta 2
What are homotrophic interactions? What is the type of receptor utilized here?
When the chemicals that a nerve secretes acts on itself to inhibit itself (usually).
Alpha 2
What are heterotrophic interactions? What is the receptor utilized here?
When a neurotransmitter acts on a receptor other than the one that it was released from.
M2 or alpha 2
Why does [ACh] go up in Parkinsons?
There is a decrease in dopamine, which means that ACh synapses are not inhibited
What is denervation supersensitivity?
Just like it sounds, loss of a nerve results in hypersensitivity of the innervated organ to the neurotransmitter that is used to release
What is one of the diagnostic tests for autonomic failure? What is the MOA for this?
Low-dose stimulators (this is d/t excess receptor production when neurotransmitters are low)
What are the three possible causes of denervation hypersensitivity?
- Increased receptors
- Loss of transmitter removal mechanism
- Increased postjunctional response
What is a neuromodulator?
A chemical that affects the effects of a neurotransmitter
What is cotransmission?
The fact that most presynaptic boutons release more than one neurotransmitter
What are the main functions of the ANS?
Homeostasis
Coordinate responses
True or false: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are NOT
physiological opponents.
True
What is the effect of an acute increase in BP?
Increases baroreceptor discharge, leading to decreased sympathetic tone, and decreased vasoconstriction
For blood pressure, NE acts on what receptor to cause vasoconstriction?
Alpha 1
What is the reflex that occurs when you have increased alpha 1 receptor activation?
Reflex bradycardia
What is the reflex that occurs when you have decreased alpha 1 receptor activation?
Reflex tachycardia
What is the effect of angiotensin II? Increases in which hormone causes its production?
Potent vasoconstrictor, activated by increased Renin production
What is the MOA of aldosterone?
Increases BP by increasing NaCl uptake
What is the sympathetic drive that will lead to an increase in BP?
Increased HR (Beta 1) Increase in vasoconstriction (alpha 1)
