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Physiology > Additional ANS > Flashcards

Additional ANS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the radial muscle of the eye? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 1, contraction/mydriasis

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2
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found arterioles? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 1, contraction/increase TPR

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3
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found in veins? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 1, contraction/increase venous return

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4
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the bladder and trigone sphincter? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 1, contraction/urinary retention

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5
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found in the penis for ejaculation? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 1, ejaculation

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6
Q

What are the two types of adrenergic receptors found on the liver? What are the effects they produce?

A

alpha 1, and beta 2 glycogenolysis

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7
Q

What are the two types of adrenergic receptors found on the kidney? What are the effects they produce?

A

alpha 1 and beta 1

alpha 1 decreases renin
Beta 1 increases renin

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8
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on prejunctional nerve terminals?? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 2, decrease transmitter release

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9
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on plratelets? What is the effect it produces?

A

alpha 2, aggregation

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10
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the SA node? What is the effect it produces?

A

beta 1, Increase HR

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11
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the AV node? What is the effect it produces?

A

beta 1, Increases conduction velocity

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12
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the atrial and ventricular muscles? What is the effect it produces?

A

beta 1, Increase contraction

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13
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on purkinje fibers? What is the effect it produces?

A

beta 1, increase automaticity

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14
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on ALL blood vessels? What is the effect it produces?

A

Beta 2, vasodilation

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15
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the uterus? What is the effect it produces?

A

Beta 2, relaxation

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16
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on bronchioles? What is the effect it produces?

A

beta 2, dilation

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17
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the skeletal muscle? What is the effect it produces?

A

Beta 2, glycogenolysis

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18
Q

What is the type of adrenergic receptor found on the pancreas? What is the effect it produces?

A

Beta 2, insulin secretion

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19
Q

What is the effect of the D1 receptor on the kidneys?

A

vasodilation/ increase GFR

20
Q

What is the adrenergic receptor on the radial muscle of the eye?

A

alpha 1

21
Q

What is the muscarinic receptor on the sphincter (constrictor) muscle of the eye?

A

M3

22
Q

What is the muscarinic receptor on the ciliary muscle of the eye? Adrenergic?

A

M3 and beta 2

23
Q

What are the adrenergic receptors on the ciliary body of the eye?

A

beta 1 and beta 2

24
Q

What are the adrenergic/muscarinic receptors that utilize the Gi protein?

A

M2, alpha 2, D2

25
Q

What are the adrenergic/muscarinic receptors that utilize the Gq protein?

A

H1, alpa 1, V1, M1, M3

26
Q

What are the adrenergic/muscarinic receptors that utilize the Gs protein?

A

Beta 1, 2, M2, D1, H2, V2

27
Q

What are the adrenergic receptors that serve as targets for the treatment of glaucoma?

A

Beta 1 and 2

28
Q

What is the effect of alpha 1 on blood vessels? Beta 2?

A

alpha 1 = vasoconstriction

Beta 2 = vasodilation

29
Q

To treat asthma, which receptor would you want to stimulate?

A

beta 2

30
Q

What are homotrophic interactions? What is the type of receptor utilized here?

A

When the chemicals that a nerve secretes acts on itself to inhibit itself (usually).

Alpha 2

31
Q

What are heterotrophic interactions? What is the receptor utilized here?

A

When a neurotransmitter acts on a receptor other than the one that it was released from.

M2 or alpha 2

32
Q

Why does [ACh] go up in Parkinsons?

A

There is a decrease in dopamine, which means that ACh synapses are not inhibited

33
Q

What is denervation supersensitivity?

A

Just like it sounds, loss of a nerve results in hypersensitivity of the innervated organ to the neurotransmitter that is used to release

34
Q

What is one of the diagnostic tests for autonomic failure? What is the MOA for this?

A

Low-dose stimulators (this is d/t excess receptor production when neurotransmitters are low)

35
Q

What are the three possible causes of denervation hypersensitivity?

A
  1. Increased receptors
  2. Loss of transmitter removal mechanism
  3. Increased postjunctional response
36
Q

What is a neuromodulator?

A

A chemical that affects the effects of a neurotransmitter

37
Q

What is cotransmission?

A

The fact that most presynaptic boutons release more than one neurotransmitter

38
Q

What are the main functions of the ANS?

A

Homeostasis

Coordinate responses

39
Q

True or false: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are NOT
physiological opponents.

A

True

40
Q

What is the effect of an acute increase in BP?

A

Increases baroreceptor discharge, leading to decreased sympathetic tone, and decreased vasoconstriction

41
Q

For blood pressure, NE acts on what receptor to cause vasoconstriction?

A

Alpha 1

42
Q

What is the reflex that occurs when you have increased alpha 1 receptor activation?

A

Reflex bradycardia

43
Q

What is the reflex that occurs when you have decreased alpha 1 receptor activation?

A

Reflex tachycardia

44
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II? Increases in which hormone causes its production?

A

Potent vasoconstrictor, activated by increased Renin production

45
Q

What is the MOA of aldosterone?

A

Increases BP by increasing NaCl uptake

46
Q

What is the sympathetic drive that will lead to an increase in BP?

A 
Increased HR (Beta 1)
Increase in vasoconstriction (alpha 1)

Physiology (75 decks)

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