92. Atheroma and its complications Flashcards
Name the 4 complications of atheroma
STENOSIS
ANEURYSM
DISSECTION
THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM
what is arterial stenosis
narrowing of the arterial lumen
reduced elasticity
reduced flow in systole
what can be the result from arterial stenosis
Tissue Ichaemia
which arteries are affected by arterial stenosis, give me examples
any. more common in branching areas with more turbulent blood flow
- coronary arteries
-carotid arteries (v common)
-renal arteries
-peripheral arteries (Ichaemia of lower limbs)
blockage of carotid arteries can lead to what
TIA, Stroke and Vascular dementia
what does aneurysm mean
weakening of the vessel wall
aka
abnormal and persistent dilation of an artery due to the weakness of its wall
most common site of aneurysm is
abdominal aorta
name the types of aneurysms
mycotic, atherosclerotic, dissecting, congenital, arteriovenous, traumatic, syphillic
complications of aneurysm
-rupture
-thrombosis
-embolism
- pressure erosion of adjacent structures
- infection
Complication of an aneurysm is a rupture. At what size does this start to be a concern
6cm or bigger
what is arterial dissection
splitting in the media by flowing blood
what age does dissection tend to occur at
middle aged
arterial dissection occurs - so split media by blood. What does this leave us with
a ‘false lumen’ which is filled with blood in the media
what does a dissection false lumen cause the patient to do
sudden collapse and high mortality
what is some strong associations with aortic dissection
atheroma
hypertension
trauma
coarctation
marfan’s
pregnancy
