1. Anatomy - planes, opposites and movement Flashcards
Dividing the body into any left and right
Sagittal plane
Dividing the body into front and back
Coronal Plane
Dividing the body into top and bottom
Axial (transverse) plane
dividing the body at an angle
Oblique plane
anterior
Near the front of the body
Posterior
Near the back of the body
near the top of the head is called…
Superior
near the soles of the feet is called…
Inferior
near the top of the head can also be described as…
Cranial
Near the soles of the feet/tail can also be known as…
Caudal
nearer the midline…
medial
further from the midline
lateral
near the attachment of the limb
proximal
further from the attachment of the limb
distal
Near the surface of the body
superficial
further from the body surface
deep
describe what Major and minor are opposites of
relatively larger and smaller structure with the same name
further from the center of the body/organs
external
closer to the center of the body/organs
internal
Dorsal is always…
Posterior
anterior surface of wrist
Volar
anterior surface of hand
Palmer
anterior surface of tongue
Ventral
anterior surface of foot
Planter
unilateral
structure on one side of the body - appendix
bilateral
paired structure - lungs, kidneys
midline
structure located in the midline - belly button
ipsilateral
two structures that lie on the same side - right upper limb and right lower limb
Contralateral
structures that lie on the opposite side - left upper limb and right lower limb
who’s left and right is it
patients
Describe anatomical position
feet slightly separated, body facing anteriorly, palms and eyes facing anteriorly,
movement away from the medial plane
abduction
movement toward the medial plane
adduction
anterior surface of limb rotates towards the medial plane
internal/medial rotation
anterior surface of limb rotates away from the medial plane
external/lateral rotation
how many pairs of bones are there in the human body
75
how many bones in the human body
206
circular motion at a joint is called…
circumduction
decreasing the angle of the bones at a joint
flexion (superior to the knee)
Increasing the angle of the bones at a joint
Extension (inferior to the knee)
what is eversion
the sole of the foot rotating away from the medial plane
what is inversion
the sole of the foot rotating towards the medial plane
Upwards flexion of foot
Dorsiflexion
Downwards movement of foot
Plantarflexion
what is pronation
when you rotate the anterior surface of your forearm so that the palm of you hand faces posteriorly
when you rotate your forearm back from the pronated position into the anatomical position so that the palm faces anteriorly…this is called
supination
what is the ‘halfway’ term for a hand that is not facing anteriorly or posteriorly
semi-prone
abduction of digits is..
moving your fingers apart from each other
adduction of digits is…
moving your abducted digits back into place
flexion of digits is…
curling your fingers toward the palm
extension of digits is…
stretching you fingers back out (kind of like thank you in Makaton)
extension of wrist is…
moving wrist upwards like you are wafting something off your keyboard
flexion of wrist……
moving wrist down like when people indicate they are fruity
opposition of thumb/hand is when…
thumb crosses over palm to touch tip of other fingers
reposition of thumb/digits is when…
thumb returns to normal position after being crossed over the palm
abduction of thumb
moving thumb anteriorly from palm
adduction of thumb
returning thumb after abduction
extension of thumb
taking thumb laterally from palm
flexion of thumb
crossing thumb over palm
moving your shoulders up and down aka. superiorly and inferiorly are what types of movement
elevation and depression
moving your jaw out and in is what type of movement
protrusion and retrusion
the anterior movement and posterior movement of for example shoulders while rowing
protraction and retraction
what is lateral flexion
lateral bending
how many bones in the hand
27 each
how many bones in the foot
26 each
