1G. Anatomy of upper GI tract Flashcards
name the components of the GI tract
nasal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anal canal, anus
what clinical context can you give where knowing the components of the GI tract is important
endoscopy - need to know where to place scope, what you’re looking for/at and the other relevent anatomy
what is the name of the joint between the jaw and the side of the skull
temporomandibular Joint
what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint
hinge type of synovial
what articulates with the temporomandibular joint
the mandibular fossa, the articular tubericle,
what is the name of the process on the temporomandibular joint
head of the condylar process
what joint moves for opening of the mouth
TMJ
what are the 3 pairs of muscles that help with ‘jaw closing’
masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
how many pairs of muscle are for opening and how many for closing the jaw
1 for opening and 3 for closing
what is the pair of muscles called for opening the jaw
lateral pterygoid
what nerve supplied by mandibular division with opening and closing the jaw
trigeminal CN5 - mandibular division which is CN V3
what are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve
Ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular
which nerve is the largest of the trigeminal nerves
mandibular CN V3
what is the course of the CNV3
pons - foramen ovale- muscles of mastication and sensory area
what is the mandibular nerve made of
union of sensory fibres and motor root
when the CNV3 exits through the foramen ovale. where is this in relation to the skull
the greater wing of the sphenoid
after the CNV3 exits the foramen ovale where does it next enter
enters the infratemporal fossa
what is the proper name for gums
gingivae
what is the oral cavity split into
the vistibule and the oral cavity proper
what is the vestibule
the space between your lips and gums and cheeks
what is the oral cavity proper
thats everything behind the teeth/dental arches
what are the arches called in the oral cavity proper that bear teeth
maxillary and mandibular alveolar arches
the roof of the oral cavity is formed by what
the palate which separates it from the nasal cavity
posteriorly, what does the oral cavity proper ‘communicate’ with
the oropharynx
how many teeth should an adult have
32
how many quadrants of teeth should an adult have
4 (8 in each) Upper right and left and lower right and left
name the teeth
incisors
canines
premolars
molars
how many cusps on a pre molar
2
how many cusps on a molar
3 or more
when should the first molars errupt
6-7 yrs
when should all your teeth bar the 3rd molars should have erupted by
12 yrs
when do the 3rd molars erupt
13-25 yrs
name the 3 pairs of salivary glands
parotid, submandibular, and sublingual
saliva begins digestion of what
carbohydrates
what is the largest salivary gland
parotid
where is the parotid duct in relation to teeth
near your upper second molar teeth
where is the parotid duct in relation to rami of the mandible and masseter muscles
lateral and posterior to the rami
where are submandibular glands found
lies along the body of the mandible in relation to the mylohyoid muscle
what muscle lies in relation to the submandibular gland
mylohyoid
where does the submandibular gland pour its secretions
through a small sublingual papilla beside the base of the frenulum of the tongue
where are sublingual glands found
the floor of your mouth between the mandible and the genioglossus muscle
for sensation. what is the oral cavity split into
superior half and inferior half
in terms of sensation. what does the superior half have and what CN is the general sensation
Gingiva of oral cavity and palate and general sensation of CN V2 - maxillary
in terms of sensation. what does the inferior half have and what CN is the general sensation
gingiva of the oral cavity and floor of mouth and general sensation of CN V3 - mandibular
the posterior wall of what is extremely sensitive to touch
oropharynx
what kind of reflex is the gag reflex
protective
explain the gag reflex to me
eg . food hits back of throat. Sensory component controlled by CN IX. Then motor response kicks in which is carried by CN IX and CN V. then the pharynx attempts to constrict and close
out of CN V2 and CN V3 which one has both sensory and motor function and which one is just sensory
CN V2 is just sensory
what foramen does CN V2 leave out of
foramen rotundum
what is the course of CN V2
pons - foramen rotundum - sensory area (mid face)
after the foramen rotundum where does the CN V2 enter
Pterygopalatine fossa
after the CN V2 goes to the pterygopalatine fossa. It continues anteriorly to where
inferior orbital fissure
what part of the face does the CNV2 supply
upper lip, upper inferior lid and conjuctiva, maxillary teeth, skin of face
where does the CN IX originate from
medulla oblongata
after the CN IX leaves the medulla oblongata where does it exit the skull
jugular foramen
when the CN IX leave the jugular foramen, what muscle does it follow
stylopharyngeus
while the CN IX follows the stylopharyngeus where does t end up
at the pharynx then oropharynx and tongue
what does the CN IX supply
the stylopharyngeus muscle, parotid salivary gland, general sensation with the tongue - sensation and taste
how is the tongue split for senstaion
posterior is 1/3rd and anterior is 2/3rds
posterior of the tongue is where and what nerve controls it
oropharynx and CN IX
where is anterior of tongue
oral cavity
what nerves supply the anterior of the tongue
special - CN II
General - CN V3
where are CN VII originate from
pontomedullary junction
where does CN VII leave the skull and where to
internal acoustic meatus to facial canal within temporal bone
where does CN VII exit after its in the temporal bone in the facial canal
stylomastoid foramen
where does the CN VII pass through after its left through the stylomastoid foramen
parotid gland
what does the CN VII control
facial expression
a branch called what of the CN VII connects to the lingual nerve branch of CN V3
chorda tympani
the chorda tympani connecting to the CN V3 contains what
parasympathetic axons - salivary
taste
what are the 4 pairs of extr
