1G. Anatomy of upper GI tract

Question 1

name the components of the GI tract

Answer 1

nasal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anal canal, anus

Question 2

what clinical context can you give where knowing the components of the GI tract is important

Answer 2

endoscopy - need to know where to place scope, what you’re looking for/at and the other relevent anatomy

Question 3

what is the name of the joint between the jaw and the side of the skull

Answer 3

temporomandibular Joint

Question 4

what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint

Answer 4

hinge type of synovial

Question 5

what articulates with the temporomandibular joint

Answer 5

the mandibular fossa, the articular tubericle,

Question 6

what is the name of the process on the temporomandibular joint

Answer 6

head of the condylar process

Question 7

what joint moves for opening of the mouth

Answer 7

TMJ

Question 8

what are the 3 pairs of muscles that help with ‘jaw closing’

Answer 8

masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid

Question 9

how many pairs of muscle are for opening and how many for closing the jaw

Answer 9

1 for opening and 3 for closing

Question 10

what is the pair of muscles called for opening the jaw

Answer 10

lateral pterygoid

Question 11

what nerve supplied by mandibular division with opening and closing the jaw

Answer 11

trigeminal CN5 - mandibular division which is CN V3

Question 12

what are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 12

Ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular

Question 13

which nerve is the largest of the trigeminal nerves

Answer 13

mandibular CN V3

Question 14

what is the course of the CNV3

Answer 14

pons - foramen ovale- muscles of mastication and sensory area

Question 15

what is the mandibular nerve made of

Answer 15

union of sensory fibres and motor root

Question 16

when the CNV3 exits through the foramen ovale. where is this in relation to the skull

Answer 16

the greater wing of the sphenoid

Question 17

after the CNV3 exits the foramen ovale where does it next enter

Answer 17

enters the infratemporal fossa

Question 18

what is the proper name for gums

Answer 18

gingivae

Question 19

what is the oral cavity split into

Answer 19

the vistibule and the oral cavity proper

Question 20

what is the vestibule

Answer 20

the space between your lips and gums and cheeks

Question 21

what is the oral cavity proper

Answer 21

thats everything behind the teeth/dental arches

Question 22

what are the arches called in the oral cavity proper that bear teeth

Answer 22

maxillary and mandibular alveolar arches

Question 23

the roof of the oral cavity is formed by what

Answer 23

the palate which separates it from the nasal cavity

Question 24

posteriorly, what does the oral cavity proper ‘communicate’ with

Answer 24

the oropharynx

Question 25

how many teeth should an adult have

Answer 25

32

Question 26

how many quadrants of teeth should an adult have

Answer 26

4 (8 in each) Upper right and left and lower right and left

Question 27

name the teeth

Answer 27

incisors canines premolars molars

Question 28

how many cusps on a pre molar

Answer 28

2

Question 29

how many cusps on a molar

Answer 29

3 or more

Question 30

when should the first molars errupt

Answer 30

6-7 yrs

Question 31

when should all your teeth bar the 3rd molars should have erupted by

Answer 31

12 yrs

Question 32

when do the 3rd molars erupt

Answer 32

13-25 yrs

Question 33

name the 3 pairs of salivary glands

Answer 33

parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

Question 34

saliva begins digestion of what

Answer 34

carbohydrates

Question 35

what is the largest salivary gland

Answer 35

parotid

Question 36

where is the parotid duct in relation to teeth

Answer 36

near your upper second molar teeth

Question 37

where is the parotid duct in relation to rami of the mandible and masseter muscles

Answer 37

lateral and posterior to the rami

Question 38

where are submandibular glands found

Answer 38

lies along the body of the mandible in relation to the mylohyoid muscle

Question 39

what muscle lies in relation to the submandibular gland

Answer 39

mylohyoid

Question 40

where does the submandibular gland pour its secretions

Answer 40

through a small sublingual papilla beside the base of the frenulum of the tongue

Question 41

where are sublingual glands found

Answer 41

the floor of your mouth between the mandible and the genioglossus muscle

Question 42

for sensation. what is the oral cavity split into

Answer 42

superior half and inferior half

Question 43

in terms of sensation. what does the superior half have and what CN is the general sensation

Answer 43

Gingiva of oral cavity and palate and general sensation of CN V2 - maxillary

Question 44

in terms of sensation. what does the inferior half have and what CN is the general sensation

Answer 44

gingiva of the oral cavity and floor of mouth and general sensation of CN V3 - mandibular

Question 45

the posterior wall of what is extremely sensitive to touch

Answer 45

oropharynx

Question 46

what kind of reflex is the gag reflex

Answer 46

protective

Question 47

explain the gag reflex to me

Answer 47

eg . food hits back of throat. Sensory component controlled by CN IX. Then motor response kicks in which is carried by CN IX and CN V. then the pharynx attempts to constrict and close

Question 48

out of CN V2 and CN V3 which one has both sensory and motor function and which one is just sensory

Answer 48

CN V2 is just sensory

Question 49

what foramen does CN V2 leave out of

Answer 49

foramen rotundum

Question 50

what is the course of CN V2

Answer 50

pons - foramen rotundum - sensory area (mid face)

Question 51

after the foramen rotundum where does the CN V2 enter

Answer 51

Pterygopalatine fossa

Question 52

after the CN V2 goes to the pterygopalatine fossa. It continues anteriorly to where

Answer 52

inferior orbital fissure

Question 53

what part of the face does the CNV2 supply

Answer 53

upper lip, upper inferior lid and conjuctiva, maxillary teeth, skin of face

Question 54

where does the CN IX originate from

Answer 54

medulla oblongata

Question 55

after the CN IX leaves the medulla oblongata where does it exit the skull

Answer 55

jugular foramen

Question 56

when the CN IX leave the jugular foramen, what muscle does it follow

Answer 56

stylopharyngeus

Question 57

while the CN IX follows the stylopharyngeus where does t end up

Answer 57

at the pharynx then oropharynx and tongue

Question 58

what does the CN IX supply

Answer 58

the stylopharyngeus muscle, parotid salivary gland, general sensation with the tongue - sensation and taste

Question 59

how is the tongue split for senstaion

Answer 59

posterior is 1/3rd and anterior is 2/3rds

Question 60

posterior of the tongue is where and what nerve controls it

Answer 60

oropharynx and CN IX

Question 61

where is anterior of tongue

Answer 61

oral cavity

Question 62

what nerves supply the anterior of the tongue

Answer 62

special - CN II General - CN V3

Question 63

where are CN VII originate from

Answer 63

pontomedullary junction

Question 64

where does CN VII leave the skull and where to

Answer 64

internal acoustic meatus to facial canal within temporal bone

Question 65

where does CN VII exit after its in the temporal bone in the facial canal

Answer 65

stylomastoid foramen

Question 66

where does the CN VII pass through after its left through the stylomastoid foramen

Answer 66

parotid gland

Question 67

what does the CN VII control

Answer 67

facial expression

Question 68

a branch called what of the CN VII connects to the lingual nerve branch of CN V3

Answer 68

chorda tympani

Question 69

the chorda tympani connecting to the CN V3 contains what

Answer 69

parasympathetic axons - salivary taste

Question 70

what are the 4 pairs of extr