60. Neoplasia part one Flashcards
definition of neoplasia
new growth - can be benign or malignant
tumour definition
swelling - often used to describe neoplasia
what is oncology
study of tumours
identifying neoplastic growth
no single feature - multiple factors indicate neoplasia
components of neoplastic growth
neoplastic cells and connective tissue stroma
what is the main difference between benign and malignant tumours
malignant can invade and metastasize and are potentially lethal whereas benign dont do this and can sometimes be harmful
name the four key features of neoplasms
differentiation, growth rate, local invasion, metastasis
what are the 3 levels of differentiation
well, poor and anaplastic
what is tumour differentiation
how much the tumour represents the tissue of origin
what is it called when a cell changes cell type due to stress
metaplasia
what is it called when there is an increase in cell size
hypertrophy
what is it called when a cell increases in number
hyperplasia
what is dysplasia
confined neoplastic change (confined to basement membrane)aka no invasion
what is carcinoma in situ
cytomorphological features of malignancy but without invasion
dysplasia and carcinoma in situ cancerous
no but does increase chances of cancer
can benign tumours be harmful
yes
example of how benign tumours can be harmful
meningioma - benign tumour in brain causes pressure in brain
epithelial tumours can be two types
glandular and non glandular
what is the suffix for benign tumours
-OMA
a benign epithelial tumour can be either ….. or ….
glandular or non glandular
So a benign epithelial glandular tumour is called
adenoma
So a benign epithelial non- glandular tumour is called
Papilloma
a malignant tumar can be ….. or …..
mesenchymal or epithelial
so a malignant mesenchymal tumor is called ……
sarcoma
so a malignant epithelial tumor can be …..
glandular or non glandular
so a malignant epithelial glandular tumor is called
a Adenocarcinoma
so a malignant epithelial non glandular tumor is called
…..cell type…….. carcinoma
a malignant epithelial tumor is termed…?
carcinoma
what are the tumors from germ cell origin containing multiple tissue types called?
teratomas
what are the tumours which resemble embryonic tissue
Blastomas
SPECIAL CASES non-neoplastic disordered growth of normal tissue is called
Hamartomas
SPECIAL CASES normal tissue in abnormal location is called
Choristomas
salivary gland tumor is called
warthin tumor
kidney tumors in children are called
wilms tumour
Kaposi Tumor is a …
vascular tumor associated with HHV8
Ewig Sarcoma
Undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma
Hematolymphoid malignancies are
1. Lymphoma
2. Myeloma
3.Leukemia
what are these cancers
- Malignancy of B and T cells
- Malignancy of plasma cells
- Malignancy of WBCs
melanoma is malignancy of what
melanocytes
which is benign and which is malignant - MELANOMA or MELANOCYTIC NAEVUS
Melanoma is malignant
melanocytic naevus is benign
