90. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION

Question 1

1. What is Convergent Evolution?

Answer 1

• this is the evolution of Analogous Features in distantly
  related groups
• these organisms live in similar environments
• but are not closely related

ANALOGOUS= similar

Question 2

2. When do Analogous Traits arise?

Answer 2

• they arise when groups of organisms independently
  adapt to similar environments
• they adapt to these environments in similar ways
• this is known as Adaption

Question 3

3. What does Convergent Evolution fail to provide information on?

Answer 3

• it does not provide information about ancestry

Question 4

4. What is an example of Convergent Evolution?

Answer 4

• Sugar Gliders
• these are found in Australia
• Flying Squirrels
• these are found in North America

Question 5

5. What does the Fossil Record provide evidence of?

Answer 5

1. The Extinction of Species
2. The Origin of new Species
3. The changes within groups over time
   (Evolution)

Question 6

6. What do Fossils document?

Answer 6

• they document important transitions

Question 7

7. What does this image show?

Answer 7

• this image shows the transition in the ancestors of
  Cetaceans
• this transition happened from Land to Sea

Question 8

8. Define Cetaceans.

Answer 8

• these are marine mammals

EXAMPLE:
- dolphins
- whales

Question 9

9. What does this image show?

Answer 9

• this shows the comparison of Fossils and
  present-day examples
• we are looking at ankle bones
• this is known as a Astragalus Bone Comparison
• it shows how Cetaceans are related to even-toed
  animals

CURRENT ANKLE BONES:
- have one hump at one end of the Ankle Bone

CETACEANS AND EVEN-TOED UNGULATES:
- have double humps at both ends of the Ankle Bome

Question 10

10. Define Biogeography.

Answer 10

• this is the geographic distribution of species
• it provides evidence of evolution

Question 11

11. What is Pangea?

Answer 11

• this was the name given to one large continent
• it existed when all of Earth’s continents were once
  united in a single large continent

Question 12

12. What caused Pangea to separate?

Answer 12

• the Continental Drift

Question 13

13. What factors help to predict when and where different groups evolved?

Answer 13

• Continent movement
• Modern Species Distribution

Question 14

14. What are Endemic Species?

Answer 14

• these are species that are specific to only one place
• they are not found anywhere else in the world

Question 15

15. What is the relation that Islands have to Endemic Species?

Answer 15

• islands have many endemic species
• these are often closely related to species on the
  nearest mainland
• or to the nearest island

Question 16

16. According to Darwin, what can be said about Island Species?

Answer 16

• Island species give rise to new species
• this is because these species adapted to new
  environments

Question 17

17. What is a Conclusion we can make about Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?

Answer 17

• this theory integrates diverse areas of biological study
• it stimulates many new research questions

Question 18

18. What does ongoing research do?

Answer 18

• it adds to our understanding of Evolution

Question 19

19. Does this summary make sense?

Answer 19

• yes

Question 20

20. Does this summary make sense?

Answer 20

• yes

Question 21

21. Does this summary make sense?

Answer 21

• yes