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MED 109- BIOLOGY II > 60. SUPERGROUPS EXCAVATES > Flashcards

60. SUPERGROUPS EXCAVATES Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. What are Supergroup Excavates characterised by?
A
  • they are characterised by the presence of a Feeding
    Groove in some members
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2
Q
  1. What are the 3 Excavate Subgroups?
A
  1. Diplomonads
  2. Parabasalids
  3. Euglenozoans
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3
Q
  1. What is an examples of Diplomonads?
A
  • Giardia Intestinalis

THIS IS ALSO KNOWN AS:
- Giardia Lamblia

NB:
- it uses Anaerobic Respiration

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4
Q
  1. What are the Diplomonad Characteristics of Giardia Intestinalis?
A
  • they Protozoa are flagellated
  • they have modified Mitochondria
  • these are known as Mitosomes
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5
Q
  1. What does the Pathogenic Parasite of Giardia Intestinalis result it?
A
  • it causes Gastroenteritis
  • this is known as Food Poisoning
  • the intestines are affected
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6
Q
  1. How is Giardia Intestinalis transmitted?
A
  • it is transmitted through Food-borne diseases
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7
Q
  1. What is an example of Parabasalids?
A
  • Trichomonas Vaginalis
  • this affects the Vagina
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8
Q
  1. What are the Parabasalid Characteristics of Trichomonas Vaginalis?
A
  • the Protozoa are flagellated
  • they have Modified Mitochondria
  • these are known as Hydrogenosomes
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9
Q
  1. What does the Pathogenic Parasite of Trichomonas Vaginalis result in?
A
  • it causes Vaginitis in women
  • it causes Urethritis in men
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10
Q
  1. What does this image show?
A
  • this is Trichomonas Vaginalis seen in a Cervical Smear

THE PINK CELLS:
- are the normal Cervical Epithelial cells

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11
Q
  1. What does this image show?
A

PURPLE CELLS:
- these are the abnormal Protists
- they are infected

  • these are the Trichomonas Vaginalis
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12
Q
  1. What does this image show?
A
  • this is the structure of Trichomonas Vaginalis
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13
Q
  1. When do we go for a Pap Smear?
A
  • when there is Dysplasia
  • this means that there are Morphological abnormalities
    present
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14
Q
  1. What is a Cervical (Pap) smear?
A
  • this is when a thin layer of Cervical epithelial cells is
    spread onto a microscopic disc for observation
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15
Q
  1. What are the Morphological characteristics of Euglenozoans?
A
  • they have a spiral or crystalline rod
  • this is found inside the Flagella
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16
Q
  1. What are two types of Euglenozoa?
A
  1. Kinetoplastids
  2. Euglenids
17
Q
  1. What is the structure of Kinetoplastids?
A
  • they have a single Mitochondrion
  • they have some Pathogenic Species
18
Q
  1. What is a example of Kinetoplastids?
A
  • Trypanosomes
19
Q
  1. What does this image show?
A
  • this image shows the Euglenozoans
  • it shows the cross-section of the Flagella

EUKARYOTIC FLAGELLA:
- are made of Tubulin
- they have a 9 + 2 arrangement

20
Q
  1. Name the 2 Pathogenic Species of Kinetoplastids.
A
  1. Trypanosoma Brucei
  2. Trypanosoma Cruzi
21
Q
  1. What is Trypanosoma Brucei?
A
  • this is also known as African Tyrpanosomiasis
  • this is a Vector Born disease
  • it causes sleeping sickness in humans
  • it can cause a Central Nervous System infection
  • this causes lethargy, comas and even death
22
Q
  1. What is Trypanosoma Brucei transmitted by?
A
  • it is transmitted by the Tsetse fly
  • it comes from the Glossina Genus
  • it is only found in Africa
23
Q
  1. What is Trypanosoma Cruzi?
A
  • this is also known as American Tryanosomiasis
  • this is a Vector transmitted disease
  • it causes Chagas’ Disease in humans
  • this leads to Chronic Myocardiopathy
24
Q
  1. What is Myocardiopathy?
A
  • this is a Heart Muscle Infection
25
Q
  1. What is Trypanosoma Cruzi transmitted by?
A
  • it is transmitted by Triatomine Bugs
  • they come from the genus Triatoma
  • these are endemic in the USA and Canada
    ∴ endemic to North America
26
Q
  1. What does this image show?
A
  • Trypanosoma Brucei
  • this is a 3D image of a Blood Smear
  • this is a type of Kinetoplastid
27
Q
  1. What does this image show?
A
  • these show the Trypanosomes in blood

MED 109- BIOLOGY II (90 decks)

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