54. ALPHA PROTEOBACTERIA Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. What are many species of the Alpha Proteobacteria subgroup closely associated with?
A
  • they are closely associated with Eukaryotic Hosts
  • this is a type of Symbiotic relationship
  • they are not Pathogenic
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2
Q
  1. Define the Endosymbiotic Theory.
A
  • Mitochondria have evolved from Aerobic Alpha-
    Proteobacteria
  • through the process of Endosymbiosis
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3
Q
  1. Name 2 semi-independent organelles.
A
  1. Mitochondria
  2. Chloroplasts
  • they have their own DNA and ATP
  • they are a part of a larger organelle
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4
Q
  1. Name 2 examples of Alpha Proteobacteria?
A
  1. Rhizobium
  2. Agrobacterium
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5
Q
  1. What is Rhizobacterium?
A
  • this forms root nodules in legumes
  • it fixes atmospheric N2
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6
Q
  1. What is Agrobacterium?
A
  • this produces tumours in plants
  • it is used in Genetic Engineering
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7
Q
  1. What are subgroups of Beta-Proteobacteria?
A
  1. Neisseriae
  2. Bortadella Pertussis
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8
Q
  1. Is Beta Proteobacteria pathogenic or not-pathogenic?
A
  • this is Pathogenic
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9
Q
  1. What are 2 examples of Neisseriae?
A
  1. Neisseria Meningitidis
  2. Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
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10
Q
  1. What is Neisseria Meningitidis?
A

THE CAUSATIVE AGENT:
- Meningococcus

WHAT IS CAUSES:
- Meningococcal Meningitis
- this is an infection of the brain
- it has flu like symptoms
- it can cause Septicaemia

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11
Q
  1. What is Septicaemia?
A
  • this is the sepsis of the blood
  • it can lead to death
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12
Q
  1. What is Neisseria Gonorrhoeae?
A

THE CAUSATIVE AGENT:
- Gonococcus

WHAT IS CAUSES:
- Gonococcal Urethritis
- this is known as Gonorrhea
- this is a kind of STD
- it gives men a Urethral infection
- it gives women a vaginal infection

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13
Q
  1. What is Bortadella Pertussis?
A

THE CAUSATIVE AGENT:
- Pertussis

WHAT IS CAUSES:
- Whooping cough
- it can be prevented with a DTP injection given to
children around the age of 2

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14
Q
  1. What are 2 sub-groups of Gamma Proteobacteria?
A
  1. Pathogenic Bacteria
  2. Opportunistic Pathogens
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15
Q
  1. What are 3 examples of Pathogenic Bacteria?
A
  1. Legionella
  2. Salmonella
    • food poisoning
  3. Vibrio Cholera
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16
Q
  1. What is an example of Opportunistic Pathogens?
A
  • Escherichia Coli
17
Q
  1. Are most strains of Gamma Proteobacteria pathogenic?
A
  • no
  • there are several that are
18
Q
  1. List 3 characteristics of Eschericia Coli?
A
  1. IT IS PART OF OUR NORMAL FLORA
    - it is normally not pathogenic
    - it resides in the intestines of many mammals
  2. IT CAN CAUSE OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
    - in immunosuppressed patients
    - these are patients that have white blood cells that
    cannot produce an immune response
  3. SOME STRAINS OF E.COLI
    - can cause Haemorrhagic Diarrhoea
19
Q
  1. What are some examples of Immunosuppressed Patients?
A
  • AIDS patients
  • Patients recovering from Chemotherapy
  • Patients using Immunosuppressive drugs
20
Q
  1. What shape is E.coli?
A
  • it is rod shaped
  • it is Gram-negative
21
Q
  1. What shape is Salmonella Enteritidis?
A
  • it is Rod Shaped
22
Q
  1. What does Vibrio Cholera cause?
A
  • Cholera
23
Q
  1. What are the symptoms of Cholera?
A
  • prolonged diarrhoea
  • it takes about 5 -15 days
24
Q
  1. How is cholera transmitted?
A
  • it is transmitted via contaminated water
  • this water is non-chlorinated
  • this usually happens in underdeveloped countries
25
Q
  1. Which toxin is produced by Vibrio Cholera?
A
  • an enterotoxin
  • this is a kind of intestinal toxin
  • it leads to dehydration and death
26
Q
  1. What is the Morphology (shape) of Vibrio Cholera?
A
  • it is C-shaped
  • this means it was a spiral shape