49. CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. What is another term for the Cytoplasmic Membrane?
A
  • the Plasma Membrane
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2
Q
  1. What is the Cytoplasmic Membrane composed of?
A
  1. Phospholipids
  2. Proteins
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3
Q
  1. What are the 4 Phospholipids that we can find in Prokaryotic Plasma Membranes?
A
  1. PG = Phosphatidyl-Glycerol
  2. PE = Phosphatidyl- Ethanolamine
  3. PA = Phosphatidic Acid
  4. DPG = Diphisphatidyl-Glycerol
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4
Q
  1. What kind of permeability does the Cytoplasmic Membrane have?
A
  • it is semi permeable
  • this means that it has Selective Permeability
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5
Q
  1. Does this diagram of the Plasma Membrane make sense?
A
  • yes
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6
Q
  1. What can we not find in Prokaryotic Cells?
A
  • they lack complex compartmentalisation
  • they do not have a membrane-bound nucleus
  • they do not have membrane-bound organelles
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7
Q
  1. What are Mesosomes?
A
  • they are the infoldings of the Plasma Membrane
  • they are specialised membranes
  • the perform metabolic functions
    (in some Prokaryotes)
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8
Q
  1. What is the function of Mesosomes?
A
  1. IN AEROBIC PROKARYOTES
    - they are responsible for Cellular Respiration
  2. IN CYANOBACTERIA
    - they are responsible for Photosynthesis
  3. DURING CYTOKINESIS
    - they are responsible for the formation of the
    diaphragm
  4. AT THE END OF BINARY FISSION
    • they are responsible for Cell Wall Deposition
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9
Q
  1. Does this image of Mesosomes make sense?
A
  • yes
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10
Q
  1. What are Ribosomes?
A
  • they are made of the RNA
    and proteins
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11
Q
  1. What is the function of Ribosomes?
A
  • Protein Synthesis
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12
Q
  1. What are Polysomes?
A
  • they are made of Ribosomes that are found on a single
    mRNA
  • this helps with bettering the translation process
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13
Q
  1. What ca be said about the subunits of Prokaryotic Ribosomes?
A
  • their subunits are different than that of Eukaryotes
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14
Q
  1. What are the 2 types of subunits of Prokaryotic Ribosomes?
A
  1. SMALL SUBUNITS
    • 30 S
  2. LARGE SUBUNITS
    • 50 S
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15
Q
  1. What can be said about the inhibiting capabilities of some antibiotics?
A
  • they can inhibit Bacterial Ribosomes
  • without inhibiting Human Eukaryotic Ribosomes

EXAMPLE:
- Tetracycline

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16
Q
  1. What is the Nucleoid?
A
  • this is the region that contains the Prokaryotic
    Chromosome
  • it is not surrounded by a Nuclear Membrane
17
Q
  1. What is the Prokaryotic Chromosome?
A
  • this is a double-stranded
  • circular
  • DNA molecule
18
Q
  1. List 3 characteristics of the Prokaryotic Genome.
A
  1. Smaller than the Eukaryotic Genome
  2. Absence of Histones
  3. Supercoiled to fit into the Nucleoid Region
19
Q
  1. What structure is only present in Eukaryotic Chromosomes?
A
  • Histones
20
Q
  1. What kind of elements can Prokaryotes contain?
A
  • they can contain extra-chromosomal elements
21
Q
  1. List the 2 extra-chromosomal elements we can find in Prokaryotes?
A
  1. Plasmids
  2. Bacteriophages (Phages)
22
Q
  1. What are Plasmids?
A
  • they are small, circular DNA molecules
  • some of them carry genes that are responsible for
    Antibiotic Resistance
  • these are known as R Plasmids
23
Q
  1. What are Bacteriophages (Phages)?
A
  • these are the viruses that infect Bacteria
  • they have a DNA genome
24
Q
  1. Does this image of Prokaryotic Chromosomes make sense?
A
  • yes
25
Q
  1. Does this image make sense?
A
  • yes