52. OXYGEN METABOLISM Flashcards
1
Q
- What are the 3 categories that prokaryotes are organised into based on their ability to metabolise oxygen?
A
- Obligate Aerobes
- Obligate Anaerobes
- Facultative Anaerobes
2
Q
- What are Obligate Aerobes?
A
- they require oxygen
- this is for cellular respiration
3
Q
- What are Obligate Anaerobes?
A
- they are poisoned by oxygen
- they use fermentation
- they can also use Anaerobic respiration
4
Q
- What are Facultative Anaerobes?
A
- they can survive without oxygen
5
Q
- What is Nitrogen essential for?
A
- it is essential for the production of Amino Acids
- as well as the production of Nucleic Acids
NB:
- Prokaryotes can metabolise oxygen in a variety of
ways
6
Q
- What is Nitrogen Fixation?
A
- this is the conversion of Atmospheric Nitrogen (N₂)
- INTO Ammonia (NH₃)
- this is done by some Prokaryotes
NB:
- this is not a Pathogenic process
7
Q
- Until the 20th Century, what was Prokaryotic Taxonomy based on?
A
- it was based on Phenotypic Criteria
- this is known as Morphology
8
Q
- Define Phylogenic Taxonomy.
A
- this is the study of Evolutionary Relationships
- it studies the relationships among groups of organisms
9
Q
- What does Phylogenic Taxonomy make use of?
A
- Molecular Sequencing Data
- Morphological Data
10
Q
- What are Molecular Systematics?
A
- this is a kind of Molecular Sequencing Data
- it applied to Prokaryotic Phylogeny Investigations
11
Q
- How does Molecular Systematics work?
A
- it splits the prokaryotes into Bacteria and Archaea
- it continues to work on the Phylogeny of Prokaryotes
12
Q
- What is the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
A
- this is the rapid sequencing of Prokaryotes
- it reveals many new groups of Archaea
13
Q
- What are the 5 categories of Domain Bacteria?
A
- Proteobacteria
- Chlamydias
- Spirochetes
- Cyanobacteria
- Gram-positive Bacteria
