8. Skeletal Part II: Joints Flashcards
1
Q
Part of the palatine bone that forms the palate
A
Horizontal plate
2
Q
Part of the palatine bone that forms part of the FLOOR OF THE ORBIT
A
Perpendicular plate
3
Q
True or False. Palatine bones form the Floor of the Orbit
A
True
4
Q
Most common congenital orofacial defect
A
Cleft lip
5
Q
Other name for cleft lip
A
Cheiloschisis
6
Q
Syndrome or trisomy assoc with cleft lip or palate
A
Trisomy 13 or Patau Syndrome
7
Q
Cleft lip tx follows RULE OF 10
A
10 weeks
10 lbs
10 g/dL Hemoglobin
>10,000 wbc
8
Q
Cleft lip is more common to what gender
A
Male (Lip-Lalaki)
9
Q
Cleft in the midline is aka
A
Hare lip or Median cleft lip
10
Q
Cleft palate occurs between _ to _ of development
A
8 to 10 WEEKS
11
Q
Cleft palate is treated in what age
A
12 to 18 MONTHS (delayed for speech dev)
12
Q
Cleft palate is more common on what gender
A
Females (Palate-Pemale)
13
Q
Clefts are common on what side
A
Left (cLEFT)
14
Q
Cleft of the HARD Palate
A
Uranoschisis
15
Q
Cleft of the SOFT Palate
A
Staphyloschisis
16
Q
Primitive backbone
A
Notochord
17
Q
Vertebrae was developed from what MESODERMAL embryonic structure
A
Somites
18
Q
Total number of vertebrae in ADULTS
A
26
19
Q
Total number of vertebrae in CHILDREN
A
33
20
Q
Vertebra / Joint assoc with “YES”
A
C1 and Occipital bone = Atlantooccipital joint
21
Q
Vertebrae / Joint involved with “NO”
A
C1 and C2 (Dens) = atlantoaxial joint
22
Q
Vertebra with most prominent spinous process
A
C7
23
Q
Vertebrae that has transverse foramen
A
C1 to C6
24
Q
What passes through the transverse foramen
A
Vertebral artery
25
Vertebral artery is a branch of what artery
Subclavian artery
26
5 branches of Subclavian artery (VIT CD)
```
Vertebral
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical
Costocervical
Dorsoscapular
```
27
3 branches of the ARCH OF THE AORTA
Brachiocephalic artery (R)
Left subclavian artery
Left common carotid artery
28
Branches of the Brachiocephalic artery
Right common carotid artery
| Right subclavian artery
29
Left and right vertebral artery forms what artery
Basilar artery
30
Left common carotid artery branches of into
Internal carotid
| External carotid
31
Terminal Branches of internal carotid artery
Anterior cerebral artery
| Middle cerebral artery
32
Most common artery assoc with stroke (from what artery)
Lenticulostriate artery (branch of the middle cerebral artery)
33
Terminal branches of external carotid artery
Superficial temporal artery
| Maxillary artery
34
Blood supply for ALL teeth (Mx and Mn)
Maxillary artery
35
Heart shaped vertebra
Thoracic vertebrae
36
Kidney or bean shaped vertebrae
Lumbar
37
Largest and strongest UNFUSED vertebra
Lumbar
38
STRONGEST VERTEBRA
Sacrum
39
How many sacrum in children
5
40
How many coccyx in children
4
41
Circle of willis is located in what part of the brain
Cerebrum
42
5 Arteries that form the circle of willis
```
Anterior cerebral artery
Anterior communicating artery
Internal carotid artery
Post communicating artery
Post cerebral artery (optional)
```
43
```
All of the ffg are arteries of circle of willis except:
Ant cerebral
Ant communicating
Int carotid
Post cerebral
Post communicating
```
Posterior cerebral artery*(optional)
44
Inflation of a vessel, specifically arteries
Aneurysm
45
Inflation of an artery specifically in circle of willis
Berry aneurysm
46
Infants have a single curvature which is concave anteriorly
Primary curvature
47
Adults have _ curvatures
Two - primary and secondary
48
Concave anteriorly
Primary curvature
49
Concave posteriorly
Secondary curvature
50
Vertebrae that remained as PRIMARY CURVATURES
Thoracic and Sacrum
51
Secondary curvatures
Cervical and Lumbar
52
3 structural classifications of joints
Fibrous (Fiss)
Cartilagenous (Cass)
Synovial
53
3 types of fibrous joints (Fiss)
Interosseous membrane
Sutures
Syndesmoses
54
-"desmo" meaning
Ligaments
55
Struc class: tibia and fibula
Fibrous joint: Interosseous membrane
56
Struc class: radius-ulna
Fibrous joint: Interosseous membrane
57
Struc class: skull
Fibrous joint: sutures
58
Formation of bony joint by bone apposition
Synostosis
59
Incomplete synostosis (frontal bone) = triangular head
Metopic suture (metopic synostosis)
60
Arrange in bundles of ligaments
Syndesmoses
61
Struc class: PDL
Syndesmoses --- GOMPHOSIS
62
Gomphosis that undergo synostosis results to
Ankylosis of tooth
63
Struc class: epiphyseal plate
Cartilagenous: Synchondroses
64
Struc class: CRANIAL BASE
Cartilagenous: synchondroses
65
Bones that make up the cranial BASE ("Toes")
Temporal (Petrous)
Occipital (Basilar)
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
66
Struc class: ribs
Cartilagenous: synchondroses
67
4 cartilagenous: symphses
Pubic symphysis
Symphysis menti
Sternum
Intervertebral joints
68
Hyaline cartilage on the surface of bone and fibrocartilage sandwiched between the hyaline cartilage
Symphyses
69
Struc class: elbow
Synovial
70
Struc class: tmj
Synovial
71
Suture between right and left frontal bone
Metopic suture
72
How many synovial cavity in tmj
2 synovial cavities (inf:hinge movts; sup)
73
Non movable joints
Synarthroses
74
Slightly movable
Amphiarthroses
75
Freely movable
Diarthroses
76
Bone adjacent to tooth
Alveolar bone proper
77
Other name of ABP
Bundle bone or cribriform plate
78
Rx for abp
Lamina dura
79
Loss of lamina dura
Hyperparathyroidism
80
Dental manifestation of hyperparathyroidism
Periodontitis
81
Type of joint movt of sutures of skull
Synarthroses
82
Type of joint movt of vertebrae
Amphiarthroses
83
Type of joint movt of teeth/gomphosis
Amphiarthroses
84
Type of joint movt of shoulder joint
Diarthroses-ball and socket
85
Vit D def or Ca def AFTER epiphyseal closure (adult)
Osteomalacia
86
4 tmj ligaments
Lateral temporomandibular ligament
Articular Capsular ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
87
Vit D def or Ca def BEFORE epiphyseal closure (CHILD)
Rickets
88
Characteristic feature of rickets
Bowlegs
89
Excessive GH after epi closure (adult) bones widen only
Acromegaly
90
Dental malocc in acromegaly
Skeletal class III
91
Excessive gh before closure of epi plate (child)
Gigantism
92
Malocc in gigantism
Skeletal class III
93
Dwarfism due to decrease cartilage dev in the body
Achondroplastic dwarfism
94
Normal torso short limbs
Achondroplastic dwarfism
95
Dwarfism due to decrease growth hormone
Pituitary dwarfism
96
Ossification affected in achondroplastic dwarfism
Endochondral ossification only
97
Easiest bone to fracture or break
Clavicle
98
Bone fracture with no penetration (di naexpose sa ext envt)
Close or simple
99
Bone fracture with penetration (exposed)
Open or compound
100
Bone fracture: crushed
Comminuted
101
What type of bone fracture in GUNSHOT
Comminuted
102
Bone fracture similar to twig, one side broken, one side bent
Greenstick
103
Type of bone fracture common in children
Greenstick fracture
104
Treatment for fractures
Reduction and fixation
105
Fracture repair steps (sequence)
Hematoma
Fibrocartilagenous callus formation (soft)
Bony callus formation (hard)
Bone remodelling
106
How long is bone remodelling
6 months
107
Graft donor and recipient is the same
Autografts
108
4 autografts (FIST)
Fibula
Ilium
Scapula
Tuberosity
109
Most common donor site in autografts
Ilium or iliac crest
110
Most common intraoral donor site (autografts)
Tuberosity
111
Gold standard of grafting materials
Autografts
112
Gold standard/baseline of narcotics
Morphine
113
Gold standard of shade guides
Vita
114
Gold standard of mouthwashes
Chlorhexidine
115
Gold standard of resto materials
Amalgam and gold
116
Gold standard of cements
Zinc phosphate
117
Donor and recipient is genetically identical(twins)
Isograft
118
Donor and recipient is part of the same species (cadaver)
Allograft
119
Donor and recipient is not part of the same species
Xenograft
120
Most common xenograft
Bovine
121
Synthetic grafts
Alloplastic graft
122
Excessive porosity of bone due to rapid resorption of bone
Osteoporosis
123
Most common bone disorder more common to females due to dramatic LOSS OF ESTROGEN during menopausal stage
Osteoporosis
124
Drug of choice for osteoporosis
Bisphosphonates
125
Bisphosphonates are antiresorptive drugs that make bones denser. What complication can arise?
BIOJ
126
Densed bone due to radiation exposure. Destroys IAA = no blood supply =
Osteoradionecrosis
127
Abnormal or defective collagen resulting to hyperflexible joints
Ehlers-danlos syndrome
128
Other name for ehlers danlos syndrome
Rubberman syndrome
129
Most common form of arthritis due to ageing
Osteoarthritis
130
Wear and tear arthritis
Osteoporosis
131
Wear and tear pigment
Lipochrome or lipofuschin
132
Autoimmune disorder wherein immune cells attacks articular cartilage
Rheumatoid articular cartilage
133
Excessive uric acid that builds up in the blood
Gouty arthritis
134
Uric acid + sodium =
Crystallization
135
What nitrogen bases involved in uric acid formation
Purines: adenine and guanine
136
Pathognomonic sign of gout
Tophi bodies
137
Uric acid crystals in nephron are called
Nephroliths or kidney stones
138
Thoracic curvature
Kyphosis
139
Hunchback
Kyphosis
140
Lumbar curvature
Lordosis
141
Swayback or hollowback
Lordosis
142
Lateral curvature or S shape spine
Scoliosis
143
Extraoral headgear for scoliosis and developing skeletal class III
Milwaukee brace
144
Arthritis of the spine
Ankylosing spondylitis
145
Ankylosing spondylitis is aka
Marie-Strumpell Disease
146
2nd most common bone disorder: px complains denture or hat doesnt fit anymore
Pagets disease of the bone
147
Other name for pagets disease
Osteitis deformans
148
Doc for paget's dse or osteitis deformans
Bisphosphonates
149
Rx of pagets dse
Cotton wool appearance
150
Hx of pagets dse
Jigsaw puzzle or mosaic bone pattern
151
Blood chem of pagets dse
Increase serum alkaline phosphatase
152
2 dses assoc with increase serum alkaline phosphatase
Pagets dse
| Multiple myeloma
153
Malignancy of plasma cells
Multiple myeloma
154
Function of plasma cells
Secretes antibodies or immunoglobulins
155
Nucleus with cartwheel pattern
Plasma cells
156
Rx app of multiple myeloma
Punched out rx app
157
2 dses assoc with PUNCHED OUT RX APP
Multiple myeloma
| Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease
158
Dse with histological app of CHINESE CHARACTERS
Fibrous dysplasia
159
3 dses with GROUND GLASS Radiographic app
| "HAF GLASS"
Hyperparathyroidism
Albers- Schonberg
Fibrous dysplasia
160
Other names for Albers-Schonberg
Osteopetrosis
| Marble bone disease
161
In board exam: other term for osteopetrosis go for typo =
Albrights
162
Bone infection due to staphylococcus aureus
Osteomyelitis
163
Abscess assoc with osteomyelitis
Brodie's
164
Abscess assoc with Psoriasis
Monroe's abscess
165
3 dses with Moth eaten rx appearance
Osteomyelitis
Ext root resorption
Ewings sarcoma
166
2 radiographic appearance of ewings sarcoma
Moth eaten rx app
| Onion skin rx app
167
Onion shaped mechanoreceptor
Pacinian corpuscles
168
Dse with intracellular cholesterol accumulation with punched out rx appearance
Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
169
L shaped paired bone
Palatine bones
