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d b review > 25. Pharmacology III (Steroidal Drugs-Alcohol) > Flashcards

25. Pharmacology III (Steroidal Drugs-Alcohol) Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs with suffix of -sone and -lone

A

Steroidal drugs

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2
Q

Mechanism of action of STEROIDS: Inhibits what enzyme?

A

Inhibits phospholipase A2❌

Resulting to decrease Arachidonic acid⬇️

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3
Q

*Pharmacologic uses of steroids:

A

✅Anti-inflammatory- ❌prostaglandins/prostacyclins

✅ Immunosuppressant - induces “Lympholysis” (sinisira yung lymphocytes) - used during AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

✅ Prevents graft rejection and prosthetic rejection
- ex. End stage renal disease: kidney transplant=para hindi iattack ng immune system ung kidney grafts)

✅Treatment for Addison’s disease (⬇️cortisol)
- give corticosteroids bec it is similar to cortisol

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4
Q

BQ: rx app of corticosteroids

A

Bilateral mandibular radiolucency

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5
Q

Corticosteroids are used for treatment of Addison’s disease; but it may cause Addison’s disease for normal patients (adrenal cortex atrophy)

A
  1. Zona fasciculata waits for “ACTH” coming from Anterior pituitary gland before secreting cortisol
  2. Ant pit gland receives “CRH” from the Hypothalamus
  3. If patients take CORTICOSTEROIDS which mimics cortisol = iniisip ng hypothalamus ⬆️cortisol levels so i-⬇️ CRH; ⬇️ACTH; ⬇️cortisol = ADDISON’S DISEASE
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6
Q

BQ: Before surgical extraction, what will you do if the patient is under long term steroidal therapy

A

“Double the dose”

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7
Q

Antipsychotic drugs are aka: (3)

A

Major tranquilizers
Neuroleptic agents
Hallucinogens

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8
Q

Drugs that affect mood and mental process

A

Antipsychotic drugs

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9
Q

Type of psychotic disorders caused by EXCESSIVE DOPAMINE LEVELS

A

Schizophrenia

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10
Q

Deficient dopamine levels ⬇️

A

Parkinson’s

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11
Q

*“potent D2” dopamine receptor antagonist than D1

A

First generation antipsychotic drugs

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12
Q

Adverse effect of First generation antipsychotic drugs

A

Extra pyramidal syndrome or “Tardive dyskinesia” or “Parkinsonism like symptoms”

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13
Q

BQ: First generation antipsychotics drugs (pinapaexcept sa boards)

A

Phenothiazines - (Chlorpromazine)
Butyrophenones - (droperidol)
Thioxanthenes

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14
Q

“Weak D2” receptor antagonist

A

Second generation antipsychotic drugs

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15
Q

Adv of second generation vs first gen antipsychotic drugs

A

No tardive dyskinesia in 2nd gen

ex. clozapine

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16
Q

“bipolar disorder”

A

Manic-Depressive syndrome

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17
Q

DOC for Manic depressive syndrome/ Bipolar disorder:

A

Antipsychotic drug: “LITHIUM ION”✅

Pag mania lang nacocontrol ng lithium ion add antidepressant: “TCA” (amitriptyline

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18
Q

BQ: most common TCA: for depression

A

Amitriptyline

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19
Q

Patients presents with “Tic”
Tic:
- habitual spasmodic muscle contractions
- uttering words

A

Tourette’s syndrome

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20
Q

Tx for tourette’s syndrome

A

Antipsychotics

- (depresses CNS:”major tranquilizers”)

21
Q

Major tranquilizers

A

Antipsychotics = MAJOR TRANQUILIZERS

22
Q

Minor tranquilizers

A

Antiseizure/Anticonvulsants

23
Q

BQ: drugs with Slight anticholinergic effects

A 
Diphenhydramine hcl
Tricyclic antidepressants
Benzodiazipines
Antipsychotics
Meperidine
24
Q

“Feeling of inner restlessness”

- paradoxical Side effect of antipsychotics (dapat pinapakalma)

25
Lithium ion is doc for
Manic depressive syndrome or Bipolar disorder
26
BQ: what is the antipsychotic drug with antihypertensive properties?
Reserpine
27
``` BQ: Which of the ffg drugs can be used to treat parkinsonism-like symptoms? A. Anticholinergic B. Narcotics C. Anti depressant D. None of the above ```
Anticholinergics!!!!! (doc for parkinsons=LEVA DOPA✅ * Other drugs that can be used: - stimulants - MAO-I - anticholinergics✨📌
28
BQ: Drugs used for Neuroleptic Analgesia
``` Narcotic Butyrophenones Nitrous oxide (N2O2) "laughing gas" ```
29
Nervous disorder characterized by a state of uneasiness and apprehension, typically with panic attacks
Anxiety
30
"anxiolytics"
Anti-anxiety drugs
31
Drug therapy for anxiety
``` Antianxiety drugs (minor tranquilizers) Antidepressant drugs - nagkakaron ng depression ung may mga anxiety ```
32
BQ: Most common antianxiety drug
Diazepam
33
Other benzos used for antianxiety
Chlordiazepoxide Chlorazepate DIAZEPAM - MOST COMMON ✨
34
BQ: Produces SEDATION and RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION ("SNAB")
``` "SNAB" Sedatives Narcotics Alcohol Benzodiazepines ```
35
"unipolar disorder"
Depression (depressed cns)
36
Type of depression due to external stimuli (may reason kaya ka depressed)
Exogenous depression
37
Type of depression which doesnt involve external stimuli (sariling pag iisip mo lang yung nagccause ng depression)
Endogenous depression
38
Antidepressant Mechanism of Action:
Elevates ADRENERGIC NT/ "excitatory nt" (⬆️DoNES) = ☺️☺️☺️
39
BQ: Antidepressant drugs (3)
1. TCA - possess slight anticholinergic effects 2. MAO-I : inhibits MAO ~ ⬆️ Dones (excitatory nt/adrenergic nt/happy hormones) 3. SSRI - ⬆️serotonin only
40
Tx for depression where brain is stimulated using electricity - used if hindi na effective yung drugs bec depressed yung CNS = no electrical activity
Electroshock therapy
41
BQ: most common tricyclic antidepressant drug
amitriptyline
42
Examples of TCA:
``` Amitriptyline Protriptyline Imipramine Desipramine Doxepin ```
43
Drugs that interact with MAO-I and will produce HYPERPYREXIA
Meperidine✅✨ SSRI Epinephrine Ephedrine: weaker effects than epinephrine
44
BQ: drug contraindicated with MAO-Inhibitors
Meperidine (Demerol)
45
CNS Depressants ("SNAB")
``` "SNAB" Sedatives Narcotics Alcohol Benzodiazepines ```
46
Alcohol inhibits what hormone? Which results to ⬆️urine output
Inhibits antidiuretic hormone ❌
47
Alcohol can cause permanent nerve damage or nerve necrosis. It is sometimes used as treatment for what Disease?
Tic douloureux (severe pain)
48
BQ: Doc for Tic douloureux
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
49
BQ: What is the drug used for ALCOHOLISM?
Disulfiram - "antabuse agent" or anti abusive drug - doubles or triples side effects of alcohol : para matrauma yung patient.

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