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d b review > 25. Pharmacology III (Steroidal Drugs-Alcohol) > Flashcards

25. Pharmacology III (Steroidal Drugs-Alcohol) Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs with suffix of -sone and -lone

A

Steroidal drugs

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2
Q

Mechanism of action of STEROIDS: Inhibits what enzyme?

A

Inhibits phospholipase A2❌

Resulting to decrease Arachidonic acid⬇️

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3
Q

*Pharmacologic uses of steroids:

A

✅Anti-inflammatory- ❌prostaglandins/prostacyclins

✅ Immunosuppressant - induces “Lympholysis” (sinisira yung lymphocytes) - used during AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

✅ Prevents graft rejection and prosthetic rejection
- ex. End stage renal disease: kidney transplant=para hindi iattack ng immune system ung kidney grafts)

✅Treatment for Addison’s disease (⬇️cortisol)
- give corticosteroids bec it is similar to cortisol

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4
Q

BQ: rx app of corticosteroids

A

Bilateral mandibular radiolucency

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5
Q

Corticosteroids are used for treatment of Addison’s disease; but it may cause Addison’s disease for normal patients (adrenal cortex atrophy)

A
  1. Zona fasciculata waits for “ACTH” coming from Anterior pituitary gland before secreting cortisol
  2. Ant pit gland receives “CRH” from the Hypothalamus
  3. If patients take CORTICOSTEROIDS which mimics cortisol = iniisip ng hypothalamus ⬆️cortisol levels so i-⬇️ CRH; ⬇️ACTH; ⬇️cortisol = ADDISON’S DISEASE
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6
Q

BQ: Before surgical extraction, what will you do if the patient is under long term steroidal therapy

A

“Double the dose”

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7
Q

Antipsychotic drugs are aka: (3)

A

Major tranquilizers
Neuroleptic agents
Hallucinogens

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8
Q

Drugs that affect mood and mental process

A

Antipsychotic drugs

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9
Q

Type of psychotic disorders caused by EXCESSIVE DOPAMINE LEVELS

A

Schizophrenia

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10
Q

Deficient dopamine levels ⬇️

A

Parkinson’s

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11
Q

*“potent D2” dopamine receptor antagonist than D1

A

First generation antipsychotic drugs

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12
Q

Adverse effect of First generation antipsychotic drugs

A

Extra pyramidal syndrome or “Tardive dyskinesia” or “Parkinsonism like symptoms”

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13
Q

BQ: First generation antipsychotics drugs (pinapaexcept sa boards)

A

Phenothiazines - (Chlorpromazine)
Butyrophenones - (droperidol)
Thioxanthenes

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14
Q

“Weak D2” receptor antagonist

A

Second generation antipsychotic drugs

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15
Q

Adv of second generation vs first gen antipsychotic drugs

A

No tardive dyskinesia in 2nd gen

ex. clozapine

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16
Q

“bipolar disorder”

A

Manic-Depressive syndrome

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17
Q

DOC for Manic depressive syndrome/ Bipolar disorder:

A

Antipsychotic drug: “LITHIUM ION”✅

Pag mania lang nacocontrol ng lithium ion add antidepressant: “TCA” (amitriptyline

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18
Q

BQ: most common TCA: for depression

A

Amitriptyline

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19
Q

Patients presents with “Tic”
Tic:
- habitual spasmodic muscle contractions
- uttering words

A

Tourette’s syndrome

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20
Q

Tx for tourette’s syndrome

A

Antipsychotics

- (depresses CNS:”major tranquilizers”)

21
Q

Major tranquilizers

A

Antipsychotics = MAJOR TRANQUILIZERS

22
Q

Minor tranquilizers

A

Antiseizure/Anticonvulsants

23
Q

BQ: drugs with Slight anticholinergic effects

A 
Diphenhydramine hcl
Tricyclic antidepressants
Benzodiazipines
Antipsychotics
Meperidine
24
Q

“Feeling of inner restlessness”

- paradoxical Side effect of antipsychotics (dapat pinapakalma)

A

Akathisia

25
Q

Lithium ion is doc for

A

Manic depressive syndrome or Bipolar disorder

26
Q

BQ: what is the antipsychotic drug with antihypertensive properties?

A

Reserpine

27
Q 
BQ: Which of the ffg drugs can be used to treat parkinsonism-like symptoms?
A. Anticholinergic
B. Narcotics
C. Anti depressant
D. None of the above
A

Anticholinergics!!!!!

(doc for parkinsons=LEVA DOPA✅

  • Other drugs that can be used:
  • stimulants
  • MAO-I
  • anticholinergics✨📌
28
Q

BQ: Drugs used for Neuroleptic Analgesia

A 
Narcotic
Butyrophenones
Nitrous oxide (N2O2) "laughing gas"
29
Q

Nervous disorder characterized by a state of uneasiness and apprehension, typically with panic attacks

A

Anxiety

30
Q

“anxiolytics”

A

Anti-anxiety drugs

31
Q

Drug therapy for anxiety

A 
Antianxiety drugs (minor tranquilizers)
Antidepressant drugs - nagkakaron ng depression ung may mga anxiety
32
Q

BQ: Most common antianxiety drug

A

Diazepam

33
Q

Other benzos used for antianxiety

A

Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorazepate
DIAZEPAM - MOST COMMON ✨

34
Q

BQ: Produces SEDATION and RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION (“SNAB”)

A 
"SNAB"
Sedatives
Narcotics
Alcohol
Benzodiazepines
35
Q

“unipolar disorder”

A

Depression (depressed cns)

36
Q

Type of depression due to external stimuli (may reason kaya ka depressed)

A

Exogenous depression

37
Q

Type of depression which doesnt involve external stimuli (sariling pag iisip mo lang yung nagccause ng depression)

A

Endogenous depression

38
Q

Antidepressant Mechanism of Action:

A

Elevates ADRENERGIC NT/ “excitatory nt” (⬆️DoNES) = ☺️☺️☺️

39
Q

BQ: Antidepressant drugs (3)

A
  1. TCA - possess slight anticholinergic effects
  2. MAO-I : inhibits MAO ~ ⬆️ Dones (excitatory nt/adrenergic nt/happy hormones)
  3. SSRI - ⬆️serotonin only
40
Q

Tx for depression where brain is stimulated using electricity
- used if hindi na effective yung drugs bec depressed yung CNS = no electrical activity

A

Electroshock therapy

41
Q

BQ: most common tricyclic antidepressant drug

A

amitriptyline

42
Q

Examples of TCA:

A 
Amitriptyline
Protriptyline
Imipramine
Desipramine
Doxepin
43
Q

Drugs that interact with MAO-I and will produce HYPERPYREXIA

A

Meperidine✅✨
SSRI
Epinephrine
Ephedrine: weaker effects than epinephrine

44
Q

BQ: drug contraindicated with MAO-Inhibitors

A

Meperidine (Demerol)

45
Q

CNS Depressants (“SNAB”)

A 
"SNAB"
Sedatives
Narcotics
Alcohol
Benzodiazepines
46
Q

Alcohol inhibits what hormone? Which results to ⬆️urine output

A

Inhibits antidiuretic hormone ❌

47
Q

Alcohol can cause permanent nerve damage or nerve necrosis. It is sometimes used as treatment for what Disease?

A

Tic douloureux (severe pain)

48
Q

BQ: Doc for Tic douloureux

A

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

49
Q

BQ: What is the drug used for ALCOHOLISM?

A

Disulfiram

  • “antabuse agent” or anti abusive drug
  • doubles or triples side effects of alcohol : para matrauma yung patient.

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