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d b review > 33. Pediatric Dentistry > Flashcards

33. Pediatric Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

BQ: how many teeth erupted at 16 months old?

A

12 teeth

MEMORIZE RULE OF 4

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2
Q

Teeth present immediately after birth

A

Natal teeth

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3
Q

Danger of natal teeth

Tx = ?

A

Mandible is hypocalcified so natal teeth (mn incisor) is mobile.
Danger of ASPIRATION!!!
Tx: EXO

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4
Q

Teeth present within the “first 30 days” after birth

A

Neonatal teeth

Same with natal: dangerous

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5
Q

BQ: Tetracycline staining can affect a child’s teeth until what age?

A

8 years

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6
Q

BQ: What stage in nolla’s is the “START OF TOOTH ERUPTION”

A

Stage 6

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7
Q

Any deciduous tooth extracted PRIOR to stage 6 will result to:

A

Delayed eruption

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8
Q

Any deciduous tooth extracted AFTER or DURING stage 6 will result to:

A

Rapid extraction

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9
Q

BQ: Stage of nolla’s wherein “TOOTH IS SEEN CLINICALLY”

A

Stage 8 = 2/3 root completed

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10
Q

BQ: ✨

  • Doesn’t resemble any teeth= UNIQUE 👏🏻
  • POT BELLY app 🐷
  • no Central fossa ❌
  • BIG Mb cervical ridge = Pot belly 🐷
  • Rounded and short DISTAL “D = ) “
  • Flat and Long MESIAL
A

Primary mandibular 1st molar / Lower D ✨🐷

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11
Q

BQ: ONLY ANTERIOR teeth that has a greater width that height

A

Primary maxillary cental incisors

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12
Q

BQ: how many lobes does peg shaped laterals have??

A

1 to 2 lobes

Go for 1!!!!

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13
Q

How many lobes in Mx 1st molars?

A

5 lobes

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14
Q

Largest cusp of Mx 1st Molar?

A

MLi cusp

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15
Q

All PMs = 4 lobes ; EXCEPT:

A

Mn 2nd PM = 5 lobes

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16
Q

All anterior teeth: how many lobes?

A

4 lobes

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17
Q

of lobes of 2nd molars

A

4 lobes

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18
Q

Mother is center of his world

A

2 yrs old

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19
Q

Big talker

Brief attention span

A

4 yrs old

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20
Q

Loves to learn new things

Likes to dramatize things

A

8 y/o

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21
Q

Increase interest in appearance

A

12 y/o

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22
Q

Management for 2y/o

A

Knee to knee position

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23
Q

Management for 4y/o

A

Distraction

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24
Q

Management for 8y/o

A

Tell show do

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25
Q

BQ: First dental visit

A

Before 1st tooth erupts (before 6mos)

Or no later than 1st bday

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26
Q

First tooth brush:

A

First tooth erupts

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27
Q

First flossing:

A

When 2 teeth are touching

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28
Q

lesions that appear in newborns:

A

Epstein pearls - yellow white seen in palatal or gingiva

Bohn’s nodules

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29
Q

BQ: Whitish cyst seen in gingiva of newborn

A

Bohn’s nodules (newBOHNS)

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30
Q

Type of px pag may overcritical parents (naghahanap ng mali)

A

Timid shy bashful

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31
Q

Type of px pag may overprotective parents

A

Defiant

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32
Q

Spoiled brat

A

Incorrigible : hindi naccorrect!

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33
Q

Least ideal type of px

A

Fearful

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34
Q

Types of pxs for SEDATION

A

Px with syndromes
Fearful
Incorrigible

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35
Q

BQ: Child hides at the back of parent

Frankl behavioral rating scale = sa boards mga situations!

A

F1 = no tx!!

Definitely negative

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36
Q

Shows negative attitude but not pronounced

✅ Tx but Defiant (nagwawala)

A

F2 - negative

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37
Q

Likes and accepts the tx but CAUTIOUS (asks kung ano yan, para san yan)

A

F3 - positive

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38
Q

Laughing and enjoying the situation

A

F4 - def positive

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39
Q

Verbal praises or toys after tx

A

Positive reinforcement

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40
Q

Used for pxs who can understand but is defiant

❌ not for HANDICAPPED and VERY YOUNG children

A

Aversive technique or HOM

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41
Q

BQ: before any procedure ask for

A

Parents consent

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42
Q

BQ: Protective stabilization used for pedo pxs with cerebral palsy

A

Velcro straps

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43
Q

Protective stabilizations

A

Papoose board

Velcro straps

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44
Q

Most common route for sedation of Pedia

A

Oral route

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45
Q

Most common drug for sedation of pedia

A

Chloral hydrate

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46
Q

BQ: Nitrous oxide produces only:

A

ANALGESIA ONLY

With minimal sedation

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47
Q

Most common adverse effect of nitrous oxide

A

Nausea

Another is: hypoxia

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48
Q

After administration of nitrous oxide give:

A

100% oxygen

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49
Q

Administering conc of N2O2

A

70% n2o2

30% o2

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50
Q

Maintaining conc of N2O2:

A

30% n2o2

70% o2

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51
Q

Type of play: no peer inv

A

Solitary

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52
Q

Type of play: observing others play

A

On looking

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53
Q

Type of play: play act along side pero wlang pansinan

A

Parallel play

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54
Q

Type of play: with interaction

A

Associative play

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55
Q

Type of play: highest form of play (w/ roles: doctor engr etc)

A

Cooperative

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56
Q

Tetralogy of dental caries:

A

Diet - high sucrose!
Host - tooth
Time - freq and duration
Microorganism - s mutans

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57
Q

which is more impt in dental caries: frequency or duration?

A

Frequency

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58
Q

Which is more impt in THUMBSUCKING: frequency or duration?

A

Duration

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59
Q

Responsible for demineralization

A

Lactic acid!!

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60
Q

Lactic acid is a byproduct of

A

Anaerobic glycolysis

(Breakdown of glucose= 2atp and 2 pyruvate

PYRUVATE: goes to anaerobic glycolysis kasi wala naman mitochondria ung bacteria hindi sya pwde sa aerobic glycolysis. End product ng anaerobic = lactic acid)

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61
Q

BQ: When you put PFS on top of caries: will it progress or arrest?

A

Arrest!!!

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62
Q

BQ: What is the first bacteria to colonize the mouth after birthv

A

Strep salivarius

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63
Q

BQ: most numerous microorganism

A

“Streptococcus”

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64
Q

BQ: ph of saliva

A

6.2 to 7.0 (weak acid) = remineralization ✅

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65
Q

BQ: initial sign of dental caries

A

White spots or incipient caries

- reversible by fluoride app

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66
Q

BQ: Critical ph for demineralization

A

5.5 to 5.7

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67
Q

BQ: What tooth mineral is affected first when there is active caries

A. Calcium
B. Phosphate
C. Carbonate

A

Carbonate!!!!!

Reversible with fluoride

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68
Q

Most effective way of fluoride therapy:

A

Systemic or FLUORIDATION

Sa water

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69
Q

Fluoride therapy by dentist

A

Fluoridization - dentiZt

70
Q

BQ: 2 y/o px : < 0.3ppm fluoride conc: What is the supplemental fluoride recommendation??

A

0.25mg

6mos to 3yrs = 0.25mg supp if <0.3ppm

71
Q

Maximum absorption of fluoride is upto what age

A

16y/o

72
Q

BQ: Optimal fluoride recommendation in the Philippines

A. 0.6 - 0.7
B. 0.7 - 0.8
C. 1.0 - 1.2
D. 1.2 -1.5

A

0.7 - 0.8

73
Q

BQ: Fluoride can inhibit what enzymes?

A

Phosphatase

Enolase (enzyme for lactic acid formation)

74
Q

BQ: Where is the site of excretion of Fluoride?

A

Kidneys

75
Q

BQ: What is the optimal fluoride concentration for public water?

A

0.7-1.2ppm

Hot/cold

76
Q

BQ: determines optimal fluoride concentration

A

Temperature / Climate
Hot = ⬇️
Cold = ⬆️

77
Q

BQ: Topical fluoride will NOT CAUSE FLUOROSIS ❌ only SYSTEMIC will.

A

Topical fluoride = ❌ fluorosis

Systemic = ✅ fluorosis

78
Q

BQ: Fluorosis

A. Pandemic
B. Endemic
C. Epidemic

A

Endemic!!! Localized

79
Q

BQ: What tooth surfaces benefit the most in fluoride therapy

A

Proximal and smooth surfaces

80
Q

BQ: Fluoride converts HYDROXYAPATITE crystals into

A

Fluoroapatite (more resistant to acid)

81
Q

Tooth paste contains how many ppm of fluoride

A

1,100ppm

82
Q

BQ: Conc of fluoride in fluoride varnish

A

5% NaF

83
Q

Conc of NaF

A

2-5% NaF

84
Q

Conc of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride or APF

  • uses polystyrene tray
  • not allowed to eat for 30mins
A

1.23%

85
Q

Conc of Stannous fluoride

- least used because has BROWN discoloration

A

8%

86
Q

ph of NaF

A

9.2 NaF

87
Q

Ph of APF

A

3-3.5 APF

88
Q

pH of SnF

A

2.1-2.3 SnF

89
Q

Adult lethal dose of Fluoride

A

4-5g

90
Q

Child lethal dose of fluoride

A

15mg/kg

91
Q

Tx for fluoride toxicity

A

Boards go for: MILK OF MAGNESIA

  • Syrup of ipecac
92
Q

BQ: Computing childs dosage: uses WEIGHT

A

Clarks rule

93
Q

Formula of clark’s rule

A

CHILD DOSE = WEIGHT in lbs / 150

94
Q

BQ: uses AGE in computing for childs dosage

A

YOUNG’S rule

95
Q

Formula for Young’s rule

A

CHILD DOSE = AGE / AGE+12

96
Q

BQ: for infants dosage

A

Fried’s rule

97
Q

Formula for Fried’s rule or inFant dose

A

Infant dose = age in mos / 150

98
Q

Paracetamol
mkd:
mg/ml:

A

Paracetamol
mkd: 10-15
mg/ml: 120/5

99
Q

Amox
mkd:
mg/ml:

A

Amox
mkd: 20-40
mg/ml: 250/5ml / 3 dose

100
Q

Clindamycin
mkd:
mg/ml:

A

Clindamycin
mkd: 10-25
mg/ml: 250/5ml / 3-4 doses

101
Q

Yellow teeth; hypersensitivity

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta

102
Q

BQ: Type of amelogenesis imperfecta characterized by dec # of cells; pitted appearance

A

Enamel hypoplasia

103
Q

BQ: Type of amelogenesis imperfecta characterized by soft enamel

A

Enamel hypocalcification

104
Q

Gray brown teeth

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

105
Q

Most common type of dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

Type II / Hereditary Opalescent dentin

106
Q

Type III dentinogenesis imperfecta is aka

A

Brandy wine

107
Q

BQ: Pattern of Early childhood caries

A

Cervical of Mx incisors
mx post
Mn post
Mn incisors

108
Q

Punched out erosions covered by gray pseudomembrane

A

NUG/Trench mouth/ vincents dse

109
Q

Causative agent of NUG

A

FuPS

110
Q

Assoc with class III Mx def

A

Achondroplasia

Downs syndrome

111
Q

Assoc with skeletal class III

A

Gigantism

Acromegaly

112
Q

BQ: “diff in eating”

A

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

113
Q

Causative agent of Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

HSV-1 (dormant in CN V)

114
Q

What do you call the secondary infection of HSV-1

A

Herpes labiais or cold sores

115
Q

BQ: Painful ulcers in the posterior of oral cavity: soft palate, pharyn

A

Herpangina

116
Q

BQ: Coxsackie A virus causes what diseases

A

Herpangina

Hand foot mouth dse

117
Q

BQ: Summer illness

A

Herpangina

118
Q

BQ: Type of apthous ulcer assoc with scarring

A

Major

119
Q

Frequent recurrences of ulcers should be screened for

A

DM and BEHCET’S SYNDROME

120
Q

Diabetes mellitus triad

A

Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Polyuria

121
Q

BQ: Px with “inguinal and EYE ULCERS” (—generalized blood vessel inflammation)

A

Behcet’s syndrome

122
Q

Cleft of hard palate

A

Uranoschisis

123
Q

Celft of soft palate

A

Staphyloschisis

124
Q

Rule of 10 for cleft LIP

A

10wks
10lbs
10gm/dL of Hb
>10,000 wbc

125
Q

BQ: Needs love and affection

A

Down’s syndrome

126
Q

BQ: Diseases assoc with DELAYED ERUPTION (sa boards:except)

A 
Downs syndrome
Cretinism (hypothy in children)
Hypothyroidism
Hypopituitarism
Gingival fibromatosis
127
Q

BQ: Resto matl for Down’s

A. Gold
B. Amalgam
C. Composite
D. GI

A

A. gold

128
Q

BQ: Clinical sign “FEW TEETH”

A

Cleidocranial dysplasia

129
Q

Lining of eruption cyst

A

Syratified squamous

130
Q

Whitish gingival cyst of newborns

A

Bohn’s nodules

131
Q

Indicated for vital tooth with provoked pain
—1.8mm of dentin thickness bet pulp and carious lesion
—root resorbed not >/= to 2/3 of deciduous

A

Pulpotomy

132
Q

BQ: medicament for pulpo of deciduous tooth

—-Not for younf perm teeth bec open apex

A

Formocresol

133
Q

BQ: Medicament for pulpo of permanent tooth

—-not for deciduous: can cause INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION

A

Calcium hydroxide pulpo

134
Q

BQ: Other name for Internal root resorption

A

Pink tooth of mummery

135
Q

Other term for open apex

A

Blunderbuss apex

136
Q

BQ: Partial pulpotomy

A

Cvek pulpotomy

137
Q

Indicated for infected pulp with SPONTANEOUS PAIN/ NOCTURNAL PAIN or for NON VITAL with PERIRADICULAR PAIN

A

Pulpectomy

138
Q

BQ: matl used for obturation (pulpec)

A

Zoe

139
Q

Tx: primary symptomatic provoked

A

Pulpo

140
Q

Tx: primary symp spontaneous

A

Pulpec

141
Q

Tx: primary asymp

A

Observe

142
Q

Tx: primary loosening or displacement

A

Observe

143
Q

Tx: primary avulsion

A

No tx! DO NOT REIMPLANT

144
Q

Tx: permanent loosening or displacement

A

Reposition and stabilize for 2weeks

145
Q

Tx: permanent avulsion

A

Reimplant with in 30mins and stabilize for 2wks

146
Q

Avulsed tooth can be stored in

A

Hanks soln or NSS
Milk
Saliva

147
Q

Complication of avulsion

A

Rejection

148
Q

Elli’s classification of tooth trauma: ENAMEL

A

Type I

149
Q

Elli’s: DENTIN

A

Type II

150
Q

Elli’s: Exposed pulp

A

Type III

151
Q

Elli’s: non vital or without loss of crown

A

Ellis IV

152
Q

Elli’s: Tooth loss-trauma

A

Ellis V

153
Q

BQ: Elli’s: root fracture

A

Ellis VI

154
Q

Ellis: displacement

A

Ellis VII

155
Q

Elli’s: LOSS OF CROWN

A

Ellis VIII

156
Q

Ellis: deciduous teeth

A

Ellis IX

157
Q

What is More common in Primary anterior teeth

Fracture or Displacement?

A

Displacement (most common intrusion)

158
Q

What is More common in Permanent anterior teeth

Fracture or Displacement?

A

Fracture

159
Q

Chemically induced root formation indicated for NON VITAL young PERMANENT teeth with OPEN APEX

A

Apexification

160
Q

CaOH/MTA stimulates what embryonic structure to close apex

A

HERS

161
Q

Principa content of MTA

A

Portland cement

+ gypsum and bismuth

162
Q

Physiologic development of APEX

A

Apexogenesis

163
Q

Direct pulp cap

A

CaOH

164
Q

Indirect pulp cap

A

GI

165
Q

Finish line in ant strip of crown

A

Featheredge finish line

166
Q

Ant SOC labial and prox reduction

A

1mm

167
Q

Incisal reduction in SOC

A

1-1.5

168
Q

Lingual red in SOC

A

0.5

169
Q

BQ: Overall reduction size in SSC

A

1.5mm

170
Q

Finish line of SSC

A

1mm subgingival featheredge

d b review (38 decks)

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