37. Oral Surgery Flashcards by Ch Mora

Contraindications for endodontic treatment

Grade III mobility (>2mm: with vertical displacement)
Vertical root fracture
External root resorption

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Rx app of vertical root fractures

J shape radiolucency or Teardrop

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Rx app of Ext root resorption

Moth eaten

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Pearshape cyst

Globulomaxillary cyst

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Cyst seen in crowns of impacted tooth; common in Impacted Mn 3rd molars

Dentigerous cyst

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Other term for dentigerous cyst

Follicular cyst

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Dentigerous cyst may transform into

Ameloblastoma

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Ameloblastoma: benign or malignant?

Benign tumor but very aggressive

benign bec it cannot metastasize

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Rx app of ameloblastoma

Unilateral soap bubble appearance

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Presents: Angel like face 👼

Rx app: BILATERAL soap bubble appearance

Cherubism

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BQ: Stage of dev - Supernumerary

Initiation

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BQ: appositional stage, morphodifferentiation and histodifferentiation happens in what stage?

BELL STAGE

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Most common supernumerary

Mesiodens

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Tx for mesiodens

Extract asap

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“4th molar”

Found distal to the 3rd molars

Distmolar

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Supernumerary found on buccal or lingual of molars

Paramolars

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Most common tooth extracted before ortho tx

1st PMs

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When to extract C-D-4

C8
D9
4 asap

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Space deficiency indicated for serial exo

8mm (boards)

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Hallmark of malignancy

Anaplasia

Cancer cells - Anaplastic cells; rapidly multiplying

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Radiation therapy may cause

Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw (Mn most common)

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Anti resorptive drugs; used for pxs with osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism)

Bisphosphonates

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Bisphosphonates causes

BIOJ - Bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaw

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Difference between BIOJ and ORN

Cause only
BIOJ - Bisphosphonates
ORN - radiation

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How to manage BIOJ and ORN

Px is exposed to 100% Hyperbaric O2 If hindi effective = excise

Causative agent of acute endocarditis

Staph aureus

Causative agent of Subacute endocarditis

Strep viridans

Prophylactic antibiotic for pxs with risk of endocarditis

Amoxicillin 2000mg | If unable to swallow = Ampicillin

Dosage of clindamycin as prophylactic antibiotic

600mg

Clindamycin inhibits what ribosomal unit

50s

Aminoglycosides (bacteriostatic/30s)

Streptomycin Gentamycin Tobramycin Neomycin

Adverse effects of tetracycline

Hepatotoxic Photosensitivity Resistance and superinfections Tooth discoloration

Common immunosupressant drugs

Cyclosporins - gingival hyperplasia | Corticosteroids - mimics cortisol (zona fasciculata of adrenal cortex of adrenal gland)

When to schedule pxs with controlled diabetes

Morning

Tx for end stage renal disease

Kidney transplant | Hemodialysis: 3x/week (GFR=125ml/min)

BQ: Tooth extraction on pxs with end stage renal dse should be done when?

After dialysis

BQ: Px is under long term steroidal therapy and needs to have tooth exo. What pre-op procedure should be done?

Double the dose

Limit of epi for hypertensive pxs

0.04mg (2carpules)

Anes safe for hypertensive pxs

Mepivacaine

2 LA na hindi na nilalagyan ng vasoconstrictor

Mepivacaine - weak vasodilator | Cocaine - already a vasoconstrictor

All LA are vasodilators except

Cocaine

Doc for angina pectoris

Nitroglycerin - sublingual | Amyl nitrate - inhalational

Sign na magkaka heart attack (fist pressed on chest)

Levine's sign

Wait for _____ months after heart attack management before tooth extraction

Wait for 6 months after management

BQ: Hemophilic pxs have problem with bleeding time or clotting time?

Increased clotting time (but normal bleeding time) Normal clotting time= 8-15mins

Christmas dse

Hemophilia B

Normal bleeding time

1-3mins

PeT

9-13s

PiTT

25-35s

Normal calcium level

9-11

Inc Calcium levels

PTH (secreted by: chief cells)

Dec calcium levels

Calcitonin (parafollicular cells of thyroid)

What is secreted by the follicular cells of thyroid gland

T3/T4

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

Graves dse

Most common cause of hypothyroidism

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Factor 8 deficiency

Hemophilia A (A8)

Factor 9 def

Hemo B (B9)

Factor 11 def

Hemo C (C11)

⬇️ platelets | Both clotting and bleeding time affected

Thrombocytopenia

Normal platelet count

150,000-450,000

Lifespan of platelets

10days

1st trimester of pregnancy

Organogenesis

Precaution for 3rd trimester of pregnancy bec

Baka manganak na | Uncimfortable lying in dental chair

Ideal time for tooth exo in pregnant

2nd trimester

BQ: What kind to drug is 5-fluorouracil?

"Anti metabolite drug" - prevents cellular division

BQ: How many days stop aspirin before tooth exo

7 days stop prior tooth exo

Other term for aspirin

Acetylsalicylic acid - inactive drug - inhibits COX - blocks formation of thromboxane A2 (reduce blood clot)

BQ: dont give aspirin to child with

Viral infection / fever = may lead to: REYE's SYNDROME

2 characteristic features of reye's syndrome

Hepatotoxicity and encephalitis

Warfarin suppresses

Vit K

Vit K dependent CF

2/7/9/10

BQ: Vit K produced in the

Liver

BQ: Tx for severe pericoronitis (acute inflammation of tissue surrounding a partially erupted tooth)

Irrigation using NSS or chlorhexidine | No need for antibiotics