34. Dental Materials/ Prostho (CD) Flashcards
1
Q
Example of Inelastic Imp matl
A
Plaster of paris
used as impression plaster before
2
Q
Example of ELASTIC Imp Matls
A
Colloidal soln
Zoe
Imp compound
Elastomers
3
Q
Reversible hydrocolloids used in lab for duplication. From seaweeds.
A
Agar agar
4
Q
BQ: Imp material that uses specialized equipment
A
Agar
5
Q
Unique property of agar agar.
—ability of matl to change its form based on temperature
(Liquefaction/gelation)
A
Hysteresis
6
Q
Property of agar agar to absorb water = expansion
A
Imbibition
7
Q
Property of agar agar to release water = shrinks
A
Syneresis
8
Q
BQ: Principal content of agar agar
A
Water
9
Q
Hardener of agar agar
A
Borax
10
Q
Least exp/cheapest imp matl
Fastest setting time
LEAST DIMENSIONALLY STABLE
A
Alginate or Irreversible hydrocolloids
11
Q
BQ: Flexites is made of
A
Nylon
12
Q
BQ: Major reactor of alginate
A
Sodium alginate or Potassium Alginate
13
Q
Reactor of alginate
A
Calcium sulfate
14
Q
BQ: Filler of Alginate
A
(Sa boards: SILICA!!!!)
* diatomaceous earth
15
Q
Retarder of alginate
A
Sodium phosphate
16
Q
BQ: Principal component of alginate
A
Diatomaceous earth
17
Q
“Set alginate”
A
Calcium alginate
18
Q
Ways to DECREASE SETTING TIME (faster set)
A
Inc water temp (hot/warm)
Mix rapidly (more friction=more heat)
Decrease water:powder ratio (thick)
19
Q
BQ: what happens if you add a drop of liquid in ZOE
A
Decrease setting time (faster set)
20
Q
BQ: Eugenol is derived from what oil?
A
Oil of cloves
21
Q
Has obtundent effect on pulp; used for tx of dry socket
A
Eugenol
22
Q
What are contraindicated with RESINS
A
Cavity varnish
Eugenol
23
Q
BQ: How many coats of cavity varnish applied
A
1-2 coats
24
Q
BQ: How long will the cavity varnish seal dentinal tubules
A
Short term
25
Imp compound or modelling compound/cake can be softened by:
Dry heat - torch—best
| Water bath —most common
26
Examples of ELASTOMERS (PSP)
Polysulfide
Silicones
Polyether
27
Elastomers with longest setting time, foul odor, stains
Polysulfide
Stains and foul odor bec of lead peroxide
28
Least dimensionally stable AMONG ELASTOMERS
Condensation silicone
29
Least dimensionally stable Among ALL IMP MATLS
Alginate
30
Most dimensionally stable among elastomers
Addition silicones
31
Most expensive and accurate: used in FPD
Polyether
32
Chemical name of gypsum products
Calcium sulfate hemihydrate
33
Plaster of paris is aka
Beta calcium sulphate hemihydrate
34
Type I gypsum
Impression plaster
35
Type II gypsum
Model plaster
36
Type III gypsum
Dental stone
37
Type IV gypsum
High strength stone or die stone
38
Dental stone is aka
Alpha calcium sulphate hemihydrate
39
Open kettle
| Irreg and porous particles
Plaster of paris
40
Closed kettle
| Regular and lesser porous particles
Dental stone
41
+ Calcium Chloride
| Larger regular particles and denser than dental stone
High strength or die stone
42
BQ: All of the ffg will happen when water:powder ration is increased, except:
A. Produce thinner mix
B. Slow setting time
C. Stronger mix
D. Dec expansion
C. Stronger mix
43
BQ: Among the 3 gypsum products, which has the highest setting expansion?
A. POP
B. Dental stone
C. Die stone
D. Same
A. Plaster
44
Gypsum retarder:
—delays setting time
⬆️ setting time (para hndi mabilis magset)
Borax
| Na citrate
45
Gypsum accelerator:
| ⬇️ setting time = faster set
Gypsum
KSO4
NaCl
46
Investment for CAST GOLD
Gypsum bonded investment
47
Investment for cast cobalt chromium
Phosphate bonded investments
48
Binder in investing material = binds heat
Gypsum
49
Refractory material = resists heat
Silica
50
Process of ⬆️⬆️⬆️ temp
Burn out
51
Using centrifugal force = mold space
Casting process
52
Type of wax used in inlays, crowns, rpd wax, casting wax
Pattern wax
53
BQ: Principal component of pattern waxes
Paraffin
54
Type of wax used in master cast construction. Boxing wax, sticky wax, utility wax
Processing wax
55
Ideal thickness of base of the master cast
16mm
56
Type of wax: bite wax
Corrective wax
57
BQ: 3 most common natural waxes used in dental waxes are
Paraffin
Beeswax
Carnauba
58
BQ: Have the HIGHEST CTE among all dental materials
Waxes
59
Tendency of a molecule to expand or shrink depending on the temperature
HOT: expands / COLD: shrinks
Coefficient of thermal expansion = highest in waxes!!!!
60
Highest CTE among restorative materials
Unfilled resin (80)
61
CTE of teeth is close to GOLD
Teeth - 11
| Gold - 14
62
Exposure of walls of preparation to a fluid or mov’t of fluid in a passageway
Percolation
63
BQ: The best way to PREVENT WARPAGE OF PATTERNS is to?
Invest immediately
64
BQ: If wax cannot be invested immediately within 30mins, what is the best thing to do to preserve its dimensions?
Refrigate
65
aka Precious metals
| Ex. Silver, platinum, titanium, palladium
High noble
66
Aka semi precious metals
Noble
67
aka non precious metals
Base
68
resistance to breaking UNDER COMPRESSION
Compressive strength
69
resistance to breaking UNDER TENSION
Tensile strength
70
resistance to breaking UNDER HORIZONTAL FORCES
Shear strength
71
Maximum stress BEFORE FRACTURING
Ultimate tensile strength
72
Most important, resistant to permanent deformation
| NiTi > Ss wires
Yield strength
73
Rigidity or stiffness
Modulus of elasticity
74
Important for WEAR CHARACTERISTICS and Finishing
Porcelain > Gold > Acrylic
Hardness
75
Process of joining two pieces of metal together through the use of lower fusing intermediate metal
Solder
76
Primary requirement para maging successful yung soldering
Cleanliness
77
Fusion temp in soldering
100-150 F
78
Optimal space for solder
0.25mm
79
Added to metal surface to IMPROVE FLOW of the solder, DISSOLVES OXIDES and prevent contamination
Flux
80
Placed around the area that is to be soldered to RESTRICT FLOW
Antiflux
81
BQ: Most common anti flux?
Soft graphite pencil
82
“Blue flame” ; excessive oxygen; produces oxides
Oxidizing flame
83
Low oxygen; produces CARBON in metal ( candle = black smoke)
Reducing flame
84
BQ: What flame is best to use with cast gold restorations?
Reducing flame
85
Principal component of porcelain; acts as matrix
Feldspar
86
Filler of porcelain;
| Provides skeleton and strength
Quartz
87
Clay that acts as a binder, opaquer and flux in porcelains
Kaolin
88
Property of porcelain making it brittle
⬆️⬆️⬆️ Compressive strength = Brittle!!!!
89
Saturation of hue
Chroma
| 1/2/3
90
Lightness/whiteness or darkness/blackness
Value
| 1/2/3
91
Actual color
Hue
| a, b, c
92
```
Darker = _ chroma
Lighter = _ chroma
```
```
Darker = ⬆️ chroma
Lighter = ⬇️ chroma
```
93
BQ: what is the phenomenon in which 2 objects appear to be the same color in a specific light source and appears different in another light source?
Metamerism
94
BQ: best light source?
Sunlight or natural light
95
BQ: Most important dimension of color in dental restorations?
Hueeee 💜
96
Gold standard of cements
| Oldest and most commonly used
Zinc phosphate cements
97
Other name for Zn phosphate cements
“Zn oxyphosphate and bridge cement”
98
BQ: Frozen slab technique
| To inc setting time of?
Zinc phosphate cement
99
BQ: Liquid component of zinc phosphate cements
Orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4)
100
BQ: Most acidic cement
Silicate cement
101
BQ: Only cement that is BASIC
Calcium hydroxide
102
BQ: pH of ALL CEMENTS WHEN FRESHLY MIXED
All cements are ACIDIC when freshly mixed
Once set= pH neutral
Setting time: 24-48hrs
Normal sensitivity 1-2days after cementation of restoration
103
Most soluble cement
Silicate cement
104
Least soluble cement
GIC
105
BQ: ADA spec of GOLD
Ada spec #5
106
BQ: Ada spec of Amalgam
ADA spec #1
107
Liquid has obtundent effect on pulp
| Inhibits polymerization of resins
ZOE
108
BQ: First cement that bonds to tooth structure (CHEMICAL BONDING)
Zinc polycarboxylate
109
Retention of Zinc phosphate
MECHANICAL RETENTION
110
1. FIRST cement to produce FLUORIDE
2. MOST SOLUBLE / MOST ACIDIC
3. First mat’l used in “ESTHETIC DENT”
Silicate cements
111
aka zinc silicate cement
Zinc silicophosphate cement
112
GIC is aka
“Aluminosilicate cement”
113
BQ: principal fluid of GIC
Polyacrylic acid
114
GIC is derived from what cements:
| Fluoride releasing / chemical bonding
Silicate cement - Fluoride releasing
Zinc polycarboxylate - chemical bonding
115
Type I Gic
Luting
116
Type II GIC
Resto
117
Type III
liners and bases
118
Type IV GIC
PFS
119
Type V GIC
Orthodontic cement
120
Type VI gic
Core build up
121
Type VII gic
Fluoride release
122
Type VIII gic
ART
123
Type IX gic
Pediatric purpose
124
Class I articulator is aka
Simple hinge
125
Class II articulator is aka
Standard mean value
126
BQ: use average “ANATOMY LANDMARK” to approximate the actual hinge
Arbitrary
127
BQ: “ACTUAL HINGE” can be located using this facebow: more accurate
Kinematic
128
IOR made with wax
Bite registration
129
Most common IOR; mount the rel of mn cast to mx cast in Centric relation
Centric occ record
130
Most inferior portion of upper lip
Lip line
131
Location of incisal plane of maxillary teeth during SMILING;
| Must follow the contour of lower lip
Smile line
132
Measured from base of nose to lip line
Lip length
133
horizontal reference for the orientation of maxillary teeth and incisal or occ plane
Interpupillary line
134
Ala tragus line is aka
Camper’s line
135
BQ: What part of tragus is used in ala tragus line
Superior part of tragus
136
BQ: Importance of Camper’s line
Esthetics
137
Starts from canine to molars
Seen in natural dentition only not in dentures (bec it may cause instability)
Convex - Mx
Concave - Mn
Curve of spee
138
Starts at distal of 1st molars
| Seen in dentures
Compensating curve
139
Lingual inclination of Mandibular molars
Curve of wilson
140
Space between posterior teeth during protrusion
Christensen’s phenomenon
141
Motor speech production
Initiator = broca’s area
142
Improves quality of sound
| Oral, nasal, pharyngeal cavities, sinuses
Resonators
143
Mechanism for speech production:
```
Initiator- broca’s area
Motor - lungs
Vibrator- vocal cords
Resonators
Articulators - lips, tongue, soft hard palate and teeth
```
144
FricatiVes
FV
145
linguoDeNTaL
D N T L
146
SibilantZ
S Z
147
Bilabial
BPM
148
BQ: What letter has the closest speaking space
S
149
Space in between maxilla and mandible when the mandible is at rest
Freeway space
150
Freeway space is aka
Interocclusal distance
151
VDR - VDO = FS
| Ideal measurement of FS =
2 to 4mm
152
“Most posterior and superior” position of the condyle within the glenoid fossa
Centric relation
153
Centric relation is aka: (3)
Retruded contact position
Ligament guided position
Bone to bone contact
154
Complete intercuspation of opposing teeth independent of condylar position
Centric occlusion
155
Centric occlusion is aka (2)
Tooth guided position
| Maximum intercuspal position
156
Position of mandible at physiologic rest
| aka “Muscle guided position”
Resting position
157
“Ligament guided”
CR
158
“Tooth guided”
CO
159
“Muscle guided”
RP
160
Indicated for teeth without adequate tooth structure to develop a ferrule
Crown lengthening
161
Minimum exposed tooth structure to have FERRULE
1.5-2.0mm
162
Better than crown length because gingiva is still the same / using ortho
Forced eruption
163
Source of Autografts in the body? In the oral cavity?
Body: iliac crest
| Oral cavity: tuberosity
164
Palatal tissue under a poor fitting denture base that is kept at night
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
165
Inflammatory FIBROUS hyperplasia is aka
Epulis fissuratum
166
BQ: Px wants to have a denture but does not want to have surgery to remove flabby tissue; what type of impression technique should you do?
Passive impression
167
Complication of torus palatinus removal
Nasal cavity penetration
168
Major conn used in RPD if px has torus palatinus
Horse shoe
169
Major conn used if px has Torus MANDIBULARIS
Labial bar or “swing lock major connector”
170
BQ: indication for labial bar
Severe lingually tilted tooth
171
Burning sensation in the mandibular ridge
Pressure on the mental foramen
172
Burning sensation on the palatal area
Pressure on the incisive foramen
173
Clicking of denture teeth
Excessive VDO
| Porcelain teeth
174
Cheek biting
Not enough horizontal overlap of posterior teeth
| Insuff VDO
175
Mucosal changes
Vit c def
176
“Accepts” dentist’s judgement and instruction
Philosophical
177
BQ: asks alot of “questions”; demanding
Exacting
178
Doesnt care about dental tx
Indifferent
179
Emotionally unfit to wesr dentures
Hysterical
180
Direction of ridge resorption in the MAXILLA
Superior and posterior
181
Direction of ridge resorption in the MANDIBLE
Inferior and anterior
182
“ah line” or “cupid’s bow” or BRA
Vibrating line
183
Imaginary line demarcating the movable and non movable tissues of the soft palate
(2mm anterior to fovea palatini)
Vibrating line
184
The posterior border of mx complete denture that puts pressure on the displacement tissue near the junction of the hard and soft palate (For: SEAL & RETENTION)
Posterior palatal seal (denture)
| “Post dam” (cast)
185
Resistance of denture to LATERAL forces
Stability
186
Resistance of denture to forces DIRECTED AGAINST the tissues
Support
187
Resistance of denture to DISLODGEMENT from the ridge
Retention
188
Primary stress bearing area in the MAXILLA
Hard palate
| Residual ridge
189
Primary stress bearing area in the MANDIBLE
Buccal shelf
190
Secondary stress bearing area in the MAXILLA
Rugae
| Mx tuberosity
191
Secondary stress bearing area in the MANDIBLE
Slopes of the residual ridge
192
Denture that is delivered immediately following extraction
Immediate dentures
Disadv: Maluwag na
Reline after 6 months!
193
Denture Partially retained, supported, stabilized with natural teeth or implants
Overdentures
194
Tissues are compressed during impression to stimulate the same amount of pressure
Pressure / functional
195
Impression at rest without any pressure
Non pressure or mucostatic imp
196
BQ: Type of impression technique used in FLABBY TISSUE
Passive impression (a type of non pressure or mucostatic)
197
Best suited for withstanding forces of mastication (custom tray used)
Selective impression
198
Adding a new layer of material in the denture base
Relining
199
Replacement of entire denture base while keeping the same denture teeth in their current occ relationship
Rebasing
