[59] Epitranscriptomics Flashcards
What is Epitranscriptomics?
It’s the study of RNA modifications and their role in gene expression regulation.
How does epitranscriptomics differ from epigenetics?
While both involve modifications, epigenetics is about DNA and histone modifications, while epitranscriptomics deals with RNA modifications.
Name a common type of RNA modification studied in epitranscriptomics?
N6-methyladenosine (m6A)
What does m6A stand for?
N6-methyladenosine
What role does m6A modification play in RNA function?
It influences various aspects of RNA metabolism, including stability, splicing, transport, and translation.
What is RNA metabolism?
It refers to the various processes that maintain RNA quality and quantity, like synthesis, modification, degradation, and others.
What is an “RNA modification writer”?
An enzyme that adds a modification to the RNA molecule.
Can you name an example of an RNA modification writer?
Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3)
What does METTL3 stand for?
Methyltransferase-like 3
What is an “RNA modification eraser”?
An enzyme that removes a modification from the RNA molecule.
Can you name an example of an RNA modification eraser?
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO)
What does FTO stand for?
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein
What is an “RNA modification reader”?
A protein that recognizes and binds to the modified RNA, affecting its function.
Can you name an example of an RNA modification reader?
YTH domain-containing family protein (YTHDF)
What does YTHDF stand for?
YTH domain-containing family protein
How does epitranscriptomics contribute to our understanding of disease?
RNA modifications can affect gene expression and cellular processes, contributing to disease development or progression.
What is the potential application of epitranscriptomics in medicine?
The understanding and manipulation of RNA modifications can potentially be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases.
Can you name a disease that has been linked to RNA modifications?
Cancer
How can RNA modifications be detected?
Techniques include mass spectrometry, next-generation sequencing, and antibodies specific to certain modifications.
How does next-generation sequencing contribute to epitranscriptomics?
It enables high-throughput, precise mapping of RNA modifications across the transcriptome.
